US20060108272A1 - Flow-through removal device and system using such device - Google Patents
Flow-through removal device and system using such device Download PDFInfo
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- US20060108272A1 US20060108272A1 US11/267,391 US26739105A US2006108272A1 US 20060108272 A1 US20060108272 A1 US 20060108272A1 US 26739105 A US26739105 A US 26739105A US 2006108272 A1 US2006108272 A1 US 2006108272A1
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Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/34—Filtering material out of the blood by passing it through a membrane, i.e. hemofiltration or diafiltration
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3621—Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3627—Degassing devices; Buffer reservoirs; Drip chambers; Blood filters
- A61M1/3633—Blood component filters, e.g. leukocyte filters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/02—Blood transfusion apparatus
- A61M1/0209—Multiple bag systems for separating or storing blood components
- A61M1/0218—Multiple bag systems for separating or storing blood components with filters
- A61M1/0222—Multiple bag systems for separating or storing blood components with filters and filter bypass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/01—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements
- B01D29/05—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements supported
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
- B01D35/30—Filter housing constructions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3687—Chemical treatment
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/75—General characteristics of the apparatus with filters
Definitions
- the present invention is directed to a flow-through device for removing selected compounds and/or components from a fluid such as, but not limited to, a biological fluid.
- the present invention is also directed to fluid processing systems using such flow-through devices.
- the present invention is directed to a flow-through device for removing selected compounds from a liquid.
- the device includes a housing having a first portion and a second portion that are joined together.
- Each of the first and second portions include outer walls and inner walls, with a compound removing medium disposed between the walls of the portions.
- One of the first or second portions includes an inlet port on the outer wall and the other of the first or second portions includes an outlet port on the outer wall.
- the inner wall of the first or second portions includes a peripherally extending tongue while the inner wall of the other of the first or second portions includes a peripherally extending groove for receiving the tongue.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged, partial cross-sectional view of the flow-through removal device of FIG. 5 .
- FIG. 13 is a plan view of still another embodiment of a flow-through system including a flow-through removal device.
- FIG. 16 is a plan view of the reverse side of the flow-through removal system and device of FIG. 15 .
- FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a holder for supporting a flow-through removal device embodying the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is an exploded view of the holder of FIG. 17 .
- FIG. 19 is a perspective view of a removal device within the holder of FIG. 18 .
- FIG. 20 is a reverse perspective view of the holder and flow-through removal device of FIG. 19 .
- FIG. 24 is an alternative arrangement of the holder and flow-through removal device of FIG. 22 , including a connector attached to a vertical support pole.
- FIG. 30 is a perspective view of one portion of the removal device housing with sealant reservoirs and injection apertures.
- FIG. 33 is a partial, cross-sectional view of the tongue and groove engagement prior to welding.
- FIG. 36 is a perspective view, shown in cross-section, of a part of the outlet housing portion with an alternative rib arrangement.
- FIG. 40 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the removal media with an annular gasket around the perimeter of the media disk.
- FIG. 45 is a cross-sectional side view of a removal device including the removal media of FIG. 43 .
- system 10 includes tube 18 which connects device 20 to receiving container 14 .
- tube 18 connects device 20 to receiving container 14 .
- one end of tube 18 is joined to inlet port 26 of container 14 , and the other end is joined to outlet port 32 of device 20 .
- the removal media may be in the form of a disk made of, preferably, divinylbenzene styrene particulate that is finely ground and combined with a binding material, such as polyethylene or a blend thereof.
- a binding material such as polyethylene or a blend thereof.
- This combination is sintered, resulting in disk 60 shown in FIGS. 4-6 having side surfaces 60 a and 60 b and peripheral end surface 60 c .
- Disks of this type are available from Porex Technologies of Fairburn, Ga. with particulate provided by the Purolite Company of London, United Kingdom.
- Still other alternatives include depositing or printing a hot-melt adhesive onto the perimeter of the medium disk 60 , shrink-fitting a film around the perimeter of medium disk 60 or dipping the perimeter of the medium disk in a PVC plastisol.
- Ribs 101 which may be more widely spaced (and, therefore, fewer in number) than ribs 100 provide a reference point for locating disk 60 on flat 89 . It will be understood that housing portion 46 may include either one set of ribs 100 or 101 , or may include both sets.
- clips 160 (and 162 ) define a channel which receives tubing.
- clips 160 and 162 also assist in guiding tubes 16 and 18 through a 180° turn without kinking. As described above, turning the tubing approximately 1800 allows entry of fluid at the “bottom” of device 20 and exit of fluid through the “top” of device 20 .
Abstract
Description
- The present invention is directed to a flow-through device for removing selected compounds and/or components from a fluid such as, but not limited to, a biological fluid. The present invention is also directed to fluid processing systems using such flow-through devices.
- Flow-through devices for removing compounds or other components from a biological fluid are known. For example, flow-through removal devices have been used in medical processing sets where the biological fluid is filtered to remove undesired blood components, such as leukocytes. Flow-through devices have also been proposed for use where the biological fluid has been treated with a solvent or chemical agent as, for example in a pathogen inactivation process.
- In many pathogen inactivation processes, a chemical agent is typically added to the biological fluid to either (1) directly inactivate present pathogens or (2) inactivate present pathogens in combination with other means, such as light. Regardless of the method used, after treatment, it is desirable to remove unreacted chemical agents or by-products of the inactivation process from the biological fluid prior to its transfusion to the patient.
- One example of such a pathogen inactivation processing system is described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/325,599, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In the system described therein, fluid from a source container that has been treated in a pathogen inactivation process (e.g., photoactivation with ultraviolet light and a psoralen compound) is passed through a removal device and collected in a receiving container. The removal device includes a sorbent selected to remove residual chemical agent and/or by-products of the inactivation process.
- Flow-through devices may also be used in the filtration of blood products to remove, for example, leukocytes from a collected blood product. An example of a fluid processing system that includes a leukoreduction filter in a flow-through arrangement is described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,358,420. Flow-through devices may also be used to remove treating agents used in the treatment of blood or a blood fraction, which agent is desirably removed from the fluid prior to further use of the fluid.
- In the above-described examples, the removal device includes a housing and a removal media inside the housing. Regardless of the removal for which the device is used (i.e., leukoreduction, or removal of inactivation compounds or other agents), complete and uniform exposure of the fluid to the removal medium is important. To obtain the greatest efficiency for the removal medium, it is desirous for the fluid to come in contact with as much of the removal medium as possible. For example, to ensure substantially complete removal of the inactivating agent in the pathogen inactivation example described above, it is desirable that the fluid contact the removal media as completely as possible, without bypassing any part of the removal media. Likewise in a leukoreduction device, complete exposure is important to ensure substantially complete removal of leukocytes, which if otherwise transfused, may cause an adverse reaction in the recipient.
- To further ensure substantially complete and uniform exposure of the fluid to the media, it is important that the removal media be maintained in a substantially fixed orientation. For example, in a processing set that includes a hanging-type filter where the flow is “top to bottom,” very often, a natural twisting moment causes the filter to hang at an angle. As the weight below the filter changes (i.e., as the collection container fills), the moment increases and the angle changes. A device that tilts away from the central vertical axis may result in uneven distribution of the fluid across the removal media, resulting in incomplete exposure and removal of the undesired agents.
- In addition to uniform and complete exposure of the fluid to the media, it is also important, to have substantial processing time consistency (i.e., reproducibility) from one device to the next.
- It is also desirable that a device that meets the above performance requirements is also easy and economical to manufacture with a low rejection rate.
- The above objectives are addressed by the present invention.
- In one aspect, the present invention is directed to a flow-through device for removing selected compounds from a liquid. The device includes a housing having a first portion and a second portion that are joined together. Each of the first and second portions include outer walls and inner walls, with a compound removing medium disposed between the walls of the portions. One of the first or second portions includes an inlet port on the outer wall and the other of the first or second portions includes an outlet port on the outer wall. The inner wall of the first or second portions includes a peripherally extending tongue while the inner wall of the other of the first or second portions includes a peripherally extending groove for receiving the tongue.
- In another aspect, the present invention is directed to a flow-through device for removing selected compounds from a liquid that includes a housing. The housing includes first and second outer walls defining an interior chamber between the walls. A compound removing medium is disposed within the interior chamber. In a preferred embodiment, the housing includes an inlet port on one of the outer walls and an outlet port on the other of the outer walls, wherein the location of the outlet port is diametrically opposed to the location of the inlet port.
- In another aspect, the present invention is directed to a flow-through system for removing selected compounds or components from a fluid. The system includes a source container, including a fluid outlet and a receiving container including a fluid inlet. The system includes a compound removal device disposed between the source and receiving containers. The device includes a housing having first and second outer walls and a compound removing medium between the walls. The housing further includes a fluid inlet on one of the outer walls and located between the center of the device and the receiving container, and a fluid outlet on the other outer wall and located between the center of the device and the source container on the other outer wall. The system further includes a first tube providing a flow path between the source container and the device inlet and a second tube providing a flow path between the device outlet and the receiving container inlet.
- In another aspect, the present invention is directed to a flow-through device for removing selected compounds from a liquid. The device is comprised of a housing having a pair of side walls and a peripheral wall defining a chamber. A removal medium is located within the chamber, the medium having an end wall terminating interior to the peripheral wall of the housing. A liquid impermeable barrier is located in the area of the chamber substantially between the medium peripheral end surface and the peripheral end wall of the housing.
- In another aspect, the present invention is directed to a flow-through processing system for removing selected compounds or components from a fluid. The flow-through system includes a source container including a fluid outlet and a receiving container including a fluid inlet. A compound removal device is located between the source container and the receiving container. The housing includes a first and second outer walls and a compound removing medium between the walls. The housing includes a fluid inlet on the first outer wall, the inlet being located between the center of the first housing wall and the receiving container and a fluid outlet on the second outer wall located between the second housing wall center and the source container. The system also includes a tubing providing a flow path between the source container outlet and housing inlet and tubing providing a flow path between the receiving container inlet and housing outlet. The length of the flow path between the source container and the inlet is greater than the length of the flow path between the device outlet and the receiving container.
-
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a fluid processing system including a flow-through removal device embodying the present invention. -
FIG. 2 is a partial plan view of the fluid processing system ofFIG. 1 showing the reverse side of the flow-through device. -
FIG. 1A is a plan view of an alternative fluid processing system with a flow-through removal device embodying the present invention. -
FIG. 2A is a partial plan view of the fluid processing system ofFIG. 1A showing the reverse side of the flow-through device. -
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the removal device embodying the present invention. -
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the flow-through removal device embodying the present invention. -
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional side view of the flow-through removal device ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 6 is an enlarged, partial cross-sectional view of the flow-through removal device ofFIG. 5 . -
FIG. 7 is a partial perspective view of the retaining clip on the housing of the flow-through removal device embodying the present invention. -
FIG. 8 is a partial perspective view of a retaining loop on the housing of the flow-through removal device embodying the present invention. -
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of one portion of the flow-through removal device embodying the present invention including a version of the inlet port. -
FIG. 10 is a side view of one embodiment of a flow-through removal device. -
FIG. 11 is a partial plan view of one embodiment of a fluid processing system including a flow-through removal device. -
FIG. 12 is a partial side view of another embodiment of the fluid processing system. -
FIG. 13 is a plan view of still another embodiment of a flow-through system including a flow-through removal device. -
FIG. 14 is a side cross-sectional view of the system shown inFIG. 13 . -
FIG. 15 is a partial plan view of still another embodiment of a flow-through system including a flow-through removal device. -
FIG. 16 is a plan view of the reverse side of the flow-through removal system and device ofFIG. 15 . -
FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a holder for supporting a flow-through removal device embodying the present invention. -
FIG. 18 is an exploded view of the holder ofFIG. 17 . -
FIG. 19 is a perspective view of a removal device within the holder ofFIG. 18 . -
FIG. 20 is a reverse perspective view of the holder and flow-through removal device ofFIG. 19 . -
FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of the tubing channel of the holder ofFIG. 19 . -
FIG. 22 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the holder for supporting the flow-through removal device. -
FIG. 23 is the perspective view showing the reverse side of the holder and flow-through removal device ofFIG. 22 . -
FIG. 24 is an alternative arrangement of the holder and flow-through removal device ofFIG. 22 , including a connector attached to a vertical support pole. -
FIG. 25 is an exploded perspective view of a further alternative embodiment of the flow-through removal device embodying the present invention. -
FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional side view of the flow-through removal device ofFIG. 25 . -
FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional side view of a removal device with removal medium disposed therein. -
FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional side view of a compound removal device with a sealant being injected into the housing interior. -
FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional side view of a removal device with a sealant filled gap. -
FIG. 30 is a perspective view of one portion of the removal device housing with sealant reservoirs and injection apertures. -
FIG. 31 is a perspective view of the reverse side of housing portion ofFIG. 30 . -
FIG. 32 is a perspective view of one embodiment of an assembled removal device. -
FIG. 33 is a partial, cross-sectional view of the tongue and groove engagement prior to welding. -
FIG. 34 is a partial, cross-sectional view of the tongue and groove welded together. -
FIG. 35 is a perspective view, shown in cross-section, of a part of the outlet housing portion. -
FIG. 36 is a perspective view, shown in cross-section, of a part of the outlet housing portion with an alternative rib arrangement. -
FIG. 37 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the removal media with a ring of binder material around the perimeter of the media disk. -
FIG. 38 is a perspective view of the disk ofFIG. 37 with a portion cut away to show a cross-sectional view of the disk and ring. -
FIG. 39 is a cross-sectional side view of a removal device including the removal disk ofFIG. 37 . -
FIG. 40 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the removal media with an annular gasket around the perimeter of the media disk. -
FIG. 41 is a perspective view of the disk ofFIG. 40 with a portion of the removal media cut away to show the gasket. -
FIG. 42 is a cross-sectional side view of a removal device including the removal media ofFIG. 40 . -
FIG. 43 is a perspective view of the removal media disk with an impermeable skin around the outer perimeter of the media disk. -
FIG. 44 is a perspective view of the removal media disk ofFIG. 43 with a portion cut-away to show a cross-sectional view of the media disk. -
FIG. 45 is a cross-sectional side view of a removal device including the removal media ofFIG. 43 . - Turning now to the drawings,
FIG. 1 shows a flow-through fluid processing system embodying the present invention. The system may be used in any application where fluid is passed from a fluid source to a receiving container, and contact between the fluid and a treating, removing or filtering medium is desired. - In
FIG. 1 , there is shown asource container 12 for holding fluid. In one specific, yet non-limiting application,source container 12 may hold a biological fluid, such as blood or a component of blood. The system shown inFIG. 1 also includes a receivingcontainer 14. Aremoval device 20 embodying the present invention is also shown and is typically located between and in flow communication with thesource container 12 and receivingcontainer 14. - Optionally, the
system 10 may include additional containers. For example, in the embodiment shown inFIG. 1 ,system 10 includes anadditional container 22 which may include an agent, useful in the treatment of the biological fluid. Specifically, in a non-limiting example,container 22 may include an agent useful in the pathogen inactivation of the biological fluid. - One example of a pathogen inactivation compound is a psoralen compound, such as, but not limited to, 5′-(4-amino-2-oxa) butyl-4,5′,8-trimethyl psoralen as the pathogen inactivation compound. Examples of suitable psoralen compounds and methods of inactivating pathogens in biological fluid using psoralens are provided in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,578,736 and 5,593,823, both of which are incorporated herein by reference.
- Other examples of pathogen inactivating compounds include phthalocyanine derivatives, phenothiazine derivatives (including methylene blue or dimethyl-methylene blue); endogenous and exogenous photosensitizers such as alloxazines, isoalloxazines (including riboflavin), vitamin Ks, vitamin L, napththoquinones, naphthalenes, naphthols, pathogen inactivating compounds disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,258,577, 6,268,120, and 6,277,337, which are incorporated herein by reference, or “
Pen 110,” which is made by V.I. Technologies, Inc. (which is also known as the Inactine™ compound). - Examples of pathogen inactivation compounds that may be useful in red blood cell pathogen inactivation methods include the pathogen inactivation agents disclosed above and those disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,093,725 and U.S. application Ser. No. 09/539,226 filed Mar. 30, 2000, which is directed to the use of compounds having nucleic acid affinity and containing a mustard group, or mustard group equivalent or mustard group intermediate. U.S. Pat. No. 6,093,775 and U.S. application Ser. No. 09/539,226 are incorporated herein by reference. A preferred compound for red blood cell pathogen inactivation is p-alanine, N-(acridin-9-yl), 2-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]ethyl ester.
- Returning to
FIG. 1 ,container 22 is connected (and is in flow communication with)source container 12 viatube 28. Details of this illustrative system and of the pathogen inactivation process with which it is used are set forth in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/325,599, filed Jun. 3, 1999 and previously incorporated by reference. - As further shown in
FIGS. 1 and 2 , source container is connected toremoval device 20 by afirst tube 16.Tube 16 provides a flow path fromsource container 12 toremoval device 20. One end oftube 16 is joined tooutlet port 24 ofcontainer 12, and the other end to theinlet port 30 ofdevice 20. - As shown in
FIGS. 1 and 2 ,system 10 includestube 18 which connectsdevice 20 to receivingcontainer 14. Specifically, one end oftube 18 is joined toinlet port 26 ofcontainer 14, and the other end is joined tooutlet port 32 ofdevice 20. - An alternative flow-through
system 10 is shown inFIGS. 1A and 2A . The same reference numerals are used to identify the same features as those shown inFIGS. 1 and 2 . In the embodiment shown inFIGS. 1A and 2A , it will be appreciated that the opening ininlet port 30 faces away from the center 36 (i.e., toward the periphery of the housing) ofdevice 20. Similarly, the opening inoutlet 32 faces away from the center 36 (and toward the housing periphery) ofdevice 20. While the orientation ofinlet port 30 andoutlet port 32 as shown inFIGS. 1 and 2 is preferable, the embodiment shown inFIGS. 1A and 2A is equally suitable. - Regardless of the orientation of
ports FIGS. 1 and 1 A is the location of inlet and outlet ports ofdevice 20 relative to thedevice center 36 andcontainers inlet port 30 is located between thecenter 36 ofdevice 20 and receivingcontainer 14. Theoutlet 32 is located between thecenter 36 andsource container 12. This results in a flow throughdevice 20 that is directionally reversed relative to the flow through the remainder of thesystem 10. Thus, fluid entersinlet port 30 and is forced to flow “up” tooutlet 32. It has been discovered that this reversed flow, at least in part, reduces the time required for a fluid to pass throughdevice 20, provides more reproducible flow from device to device, and provides more complete exposure of the fluid to the removal media insidedevice 20. - Turning now to
FIGS. 3, 4 , and 5, there is shown aremoval device 20 embodying the present invention. In a preferred embodiment,device 20 is comprised of ahousing 42 made of twoseparate portions portion FIG. 5 ) and/or inner surfaces, identified by 54 and 56, respectively. As shown inFIG. 4-6 andFIGS. 35-36 ,portion 46 provides a base for receivingremoval media 60 andoptional filters 62 and 64 (described below). Thus,housing portion 46 has some depth to it, with multipleconcentric flats removal media 60 and optional filters nest. As shown inFIG. 6 ,portion 46 is comprised of a generally planar side wall andperipheral end wall 57.Housing portion 42 may be more in the form and shape of a flat cover member with no significant depth. As shown inFIG. 4 ,portion 44 includesinlet port 30 andportion 46 includesoutlet port 32. As shown inFIG. 30 ,portions alignment tabs 48 to ensure proper mating ofportions -
Housing 42 is preferably made of a hard plastic that can be injection molded. The material used forhousing 42 should be suitable for sterilization by known forms of sterilization such as gamma or electron beam radiation. The material should also be amenable to preferred sealing operations such as, but not limited to, ultrasonic welding. Examples of suitable materials include polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). As shown inFIGS. 3-5 , one of thehousing portions member 58 for receivingtubing 16 and/or 18 (discussed in more detail below). - As shown in
FIG. 4 ,device 20 preferably includes one or more treating or removal media (e.g., disk 60) placed betweeninner surface device 20. As fluid entersdevice 20 throughinlet port 30, it comes into contact withmedia 60. The fluid permeates the media and travels across thesurface 60 a thereof before exiting throughoutlet 32. In one non-limiting example,removal media 60 may be selected for removing unwanted components from a fluid. In a pathogen inactivation fluid processing system of the type described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/325,599, the medium may be a sorbent media for removing unreacted pathogen inactivation compound, by-products of the pathogen inactivation treatment and other compounds and substances, including other pathogenic compounds. - As described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/325,599, the removal media may be in the form of a disk made of, preferably, divinylbenzene styrene particulate that is finely ground and combined with a binding material, such as polyethylene or a blend thereof. This combination is sintered, resulting in
disk 60 shown inFIGS. 4-6 having side surfaces 60 a and 60 b andperipheral end surface 60 c. Disks of this type are available from Porex Technologies of Fairburn, Ga. with particulate provided by the Purolite Company of London, United Kingdom. - Of course, the
removal media 60 described is not limited to the materials identified above. The medium can be made of any material, sorbent or otherwise, that can remove selected compounds or agents from the fluid. Examples of materials useful in the removal of compounds and agents are provided in U.S. Pat. No. 6,544,727 and U.S. Patent Application Publication Nos. US 2001/0018179 A1 and US 2001/0009756 A1, all of which are herein incorporated by reference. The medium can also be a filtration medium used to capture (other than by sorption) unwanted compounds or components. For example, the medium 60 may be used to capture leukocytes and remove them from the biological fluid. - As shown in
FIG. 4 ,device 20 may include additional inserts for filtration and removal of compounds or components. For example, in an embodiment wheredevice 20 is used in a pathogen inactivation treatment to remove residual agents and by-products of the inactivation process, it may be preferable to include one or moreadditional filtration media Filters 62 and/or 64 may be included to capture any loose particulate fromremoval media 60.Filters filter elements - As shown and previously described,
housing 42 ofdevice 20 is preferably made of twoportions more filter media 62 and 64) enclosed withinhousing 42. In a preferred embodiment,portions housing portions alignment tab 57 with retainingmember 58. (Alternative andoptional alignment tabs 48 are also shown inFIG. 32 ).Portions inner surfaces 54 and 56 (ofportions 44 and 46). - Preferably,
portions FIGS. 6 and 30 -33 show the preferred mating arrangement.Inner surface 56 ofportion 46 provides agroove 68 near the periphery ofinner surface 56.Groove 68 is continuous along the entire periphery ofhousing portion 46. With reference toFIG. 6 , groove 68 is sized to receive outwardly extendingtongue 70 oninner surface 54 ofhousing portion 44. Likegroove 68,tongue 70 is continuous along the entire outer periphery ofportion 44. - During assembly of
device 20,tongue 70 is inserted intogroove 68. The area of the tongue and groove fitment is then preferably exposed to a sealing means. In a preferred embodiment, the sealing procedure may include an ultrasonic device for sonic welding and fusing oftongue 70 andgroove 68. Other forms of welding or sealing, known to those of skill may also be used. The energy from the sonic weld melts the plastic parts of groove andtongue FIG. 32 , thereby forming a permanent seal ofportions - As shown in
FIGS. 10 and 31 ,inner groove wall 72 includes an outwardly extendingshoulder 74. During assembly ofdevice 20,tongue 70 first comes into contact withshoulder 74 ofgroove 68. During welding these areas of tongue andgroove 68 are first to physically fuse together to provide the seal. As further shown inFIGS. 6 and 34 , thetongue 70, once inserted intogroove 68 leaves outer andlower gaps housing 42 which otherwise could lead to cracks in the housing. - As best seen in
FIGS. 35-36 ,inner surface 56 ofportion 46 may further include nesting shoulders orflats media filters flats housing portion 46.Filters inner surface 46 by known adhesion techniques. However, preferably, filters 62 and 64 are sonic welded toflats Flats energy directors 83.Energy directors 83 may be raised, triangular surfaces, as shown inFIG. 33 , and as will be recognized by those of skill in the art.Energy directors 83 assist in providing a firm weld betweenfilter 62 and/or 64 andhousing 46. - As further seen in
FIG. 6 (and 35 and 36), one or bothhousing portions inner surfaces portions center 36 ofdevice 20 and the tongue andgroove assembly FIG. 6 , seal rings 86 and 88 partially compressremoval medium 60 and substantially prevent liquid from traversing and bypassingmedium 60. Preferably, rings 86 and 88 may terminate in a pointed end to bettergrip removal medium 60. - For additional assurance that liquid is not bypassing
medium 60, thegap 90 remaining betweenmedium 60 andhousing 42 may be substantially filled with a liquid impermeable barrier. Shown inFIGS. 27 and 28 is one method of sealing or substantially fillinggap 90 and preventing any unintentional liquid bypass. Turning briefly back toFIG. 6 ,gap 90 surrounds removal media (disk) 60 in the area betweenrings inner surfaces peripheral end wall 57 ofhousing 42. As shown inFIGS. 27 and 28 , asealant 92 may be injected intogap 90.Injection ports 94 may be provided inhousing portions 44 and/or 46.Sealant 92 may be injected bysyringe 95 or any other means. As shown inFIGS. 30 and 31 ,housing portion 46 may also include one or more reservoir(s) 91 for receiving a quantity of sealant. Reservoir(s) 91 provide(s) a space for a sufficient quantity of sealant to effectively sealgap 90. - Suitable sealants may include epoxies, RTVs, hot melts, polyurethane, EVA-based hot melts, silicones or other plastics, such as acrylic polymers. A preferred sealant is an EVA/wax hot melt available from Bostik Findley of Wauwatosa, Wisc. under the name Bostik H1714. The sealant may also be a gel that remains semi-solid after being injected. In any event, introducing sealant into
gap 90, as shown inFIG. 29 , effectively prevents liquid from bypassingremoval medium 60. - Preventing liquid bypass of
removal media 60 can also be accomplished by providing the disk ofremoval media 60 with a preformed sealingring 93 or gasket around the perimeter ofmedium 60, as shown inFIGS. 37 and 38 . In one such alternative embodiment,ring 93 may be made of a suitable binding material that can be applied to the outer perimeter ofremoval medium disk 60.Ring 93 can be molded ontodisk 60 during or after manufacture of the disk. For example, in one embodiment,ring 93 may be molded during the sintering ofremoval medium disk 60. -
Ring 93 should have a thickness substantially equal to thegap 90 formed byhousing portions housing 42, as shown inFIG. 39 . Any binder that is substantially liquid impermeable and biocompatible and can be molded onto or with the disk is suitable. In one example, thering 93 may be made of a binding material made of a polymeric material, such as, but not limited to, polyethylene. A preferred polyethylene is ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). The UHMWPE may be blended with other compounds, however, a 100% UHMWPE is preferred. - In a variant of the above-described embodiment,
ring 93, or a suitable sealant or binding material may be formed first and placed in a sintering mold cavity. The removal media can then be sinter-formed inside the molded disk, resulting in a structure substantially similar to that shown inFIGS. 37 and 38 . Theouter ring 93 can be molded sonically, or otherwise, tohousing 42. Wherehousing 42 is made of an acrylic-based material, a suitable material forring 93 is acrylic, which can then be welded tohousing 42. - In another alternative shown in
FIGS. 40-42 , athin gasket 198 made of a liquid impermeable and biocompatible material can be placed inside a mold cavity. Theremoval medium disk 60 can be sinter formed on top of the gasket. The gasket may be sealed tohousing 42 by solvent bonding, ultrasonic welding or other known sealing techniques.Gasket 198 may be attached to the surface ofdisk 60 adjacent to theoutlet port 32 ofhousing 42, as shown inFIG. 42 . Preferablygasket 198 extends substantially to the outer end wall of theannular gap 90 inhousing 42, thereby preventing any liquid that may not have contactedremoval disk 60, from exiting through theoutlet port 32. A suitable gasket material can be any polymeric material or blend of polymeric material that is also biocompatible. An example of one such material is an ethylene vinyl acetate composition. - Still other alternatives include depositing or printing a hot-melt adhesive onto the perimeter of the
medium disk 60, shrink-fitting a film around the perimeter ofmedium disk 60 or dipping the perimeter of the medium disk in a PVC plastisol. - In yet another alternative that does not require applying a sealant around to the
disk 60 perimeter, theend surface 60c of theremoval medium disk 60 may be treated to provide a liquid impermeable peripheral edge. In one embodiment,disk 60 perimeter may be exposed to a high temperature, such as, approximately 120° C. to create an impermeable skin around the perimeter. A skin can be formed by rotating the disk and exposing the peripheral edge ofdisk 60 to a hot air source or placing the disk in a hot-mold press to further form it after sintering. As shown inFIG. 43 ,skin 200 is formed around the outer perimeter and peripheral edge ofmedium disk 60 with some ofskin 200 overlapping the sorbent material on the outer surface ofdisk 60. Preferably,skin 200 extends over outer surface ofdisk 60 such that seal rings 86 and 88, previously described, contact the skin-covered portion ofdisk 60, as shown inFIG. 45 . - Turning briefly back to
FIG. 1A , one or preferably both ofhousing portions ribs Ribs inner surfaces portion 46, which includesoutlet port 32, includes two ormore ribs 96 placed at or nearport 32 as shown inFIG. 31 .Ribs 96 preventfilter 64 from blockingoutlet port 32. -
Housing portion 44 may also include a plurality ofribs 98.Ribs 98 may be raised surfaces that extend frominner surface 54 and provide strength and additional support forhousing 44 during assembly. This may be particularly desirable whendevice 20 is joined by ultrasonic welding. Additionally,ribs 96 may preventremoval device 60 from adhering to theinner wall 54 of portion 44 (and possibly blocking inlet port 30). The plurality ofribs 98 may be spaced and arranged in any desirable configuration. For example,ribs 98 may be spaced from each other in parallel across the surface ofinner wall 54. Other arrangements are also possible. In a preferred embodiment,ribs 98 are radially spaced extending from a point near thecenter 36 of device 20 (like spokes on a wheel), as shown inFIG. 1A . - As shown in
FIG. 35 , a plurality of ribs may also be provided inhousing portion 46. As shown in the Figures,ribs 100 line the outer perimeter ofportion 46 at theinner surface 56 adjacent to groove 68. More specificallyribs 100 support the peripheralupstanding wall segment 57 a that defines, in part,groove 68.Ribs 100 provide strength to the housing and preventgroove 68 from deflecting during, for example, ultrasonic welding. Alternatively, as shown inFIG. 36 , a series ofribs 101 may also be provided along theperipheral wall 57, and more specifically wallsegment 57 b.Ribs 101, which may be more widely spaced (and, therefore, fewer in number) thanribs 100 provide a reference point for locatingdisk 60 on flat 89. It will be understood thathousing portion 46 may include either one set ofribs - With reference to
FIGS. 3 and 7 ,device 20 may include one ormore retaining members 58 onhousing 42. As shown in the Figures, retainingmembers 58 may be integral with thehousing portion 46. Retainingmember 58 may be in the form of a two-pronged clip, as shown, for example, inFIG. 7 . During assembly of theprocessing system 10,tubing FIG. 10 . Retainingmember 58 is substantially aligned withport 30 and/or 32. Alternatively, retainingmember 58 may be a closed loop through which thetube tubing housing 42 and assist in maintaininghousing 42 in a substantially vertical orientation. As mentioned above, maintaining the vertical orientation ofhousing 42 is important to ensuring uniform exposure of the fluid to the removal media ofdevice 20. -
FIGS. 11-16 and 26 show different fluid circuits and tubing configurations for directing flow through the flow-through fluid processing set 10 of the present invention. Typically the processing set is suspended from, for example, an IV pole to allow for gravity induced flow of fluid through the system. InFIG. 11 , there is shown a portion of the flow-throughfluid processing system 10. As shown therein, the flow-throughfluid processing system 10 includes ahousing 42. It will be understood that thecompound removal device 20 of the embodiments shown inFIGS. 11-16 is located betweensource container 12 and receiving container 14 (as shown inFIGS. 1 and 1 A). Thus,container 12 will be “above” thecompound removal device 20 and receivingcontainer 14 will be “below” the compound removal device. - As shown in
FIG. 11 ,device 20 includes aninlet port 30 on one side ofhousing 42 andoutlet port 32 on the opposite side of housing 42 (e.g.,outer surfaces 50 and 52). As shown in the Figures, in the preferred arrangement,ports inlet port 30 is in the lower end of one portion, whereasoutlet port 32 is located in the upper end of the other portion. As discussed above, placement ofinlet port 30 in a location where fluid must then flow “up” to the outlet is preferred and provides improved and consistent processing times, and ensures more complex exposure of the fluid to the media when compared to other inlet/outlet arrangements. - In one embodiment, such as the one shown in
FIG. 1 , where the opening ofinlet port 30 faces thecenter 36 ofdevice 20,tube 16 communicates directly withinlet port 30 in a straight path. As shown inFIG. 1A , where the opening toinlet port 30 faces away from source container 12 (and from thecenter 36 of the device 20) flow path must be re-oriented to allow entry of fluid intodevice 20. Thus, as shown inFIG. 11 , wheretube 16 is not attached toinlet port 30 through a straight path (as inFIG. 1 ), the direction of flow must be reversed. - For example, a flow through
fluid processing system 10 where flow entersdevice 20 through an outlet that faces away fromsource container 12, may include a flow conduit to allow fluid entry. In this embodiment, the conduit diverts the flow in a direction that is approximately 180° turned from the direction of flow fromcontainer 12. - Thus, in the embodiment shown in
FIG. 11 ,device 20 includes afluid conduit 102 with aport 104 that receives fluid and aport 106 that introduces fluid intoinlet port 30. As will be recognized by those of skill in the art,conduits 102 may be a standard “Y” type connector well known in the art. One branch ofconduit 102 includesport 104, whereas the other branch includesport 106. Afurther port 108 is connected to tube or “dummy line” 110, discussed in greater detail below. - A similar arrangement is provided at
outlet port 32. As shown inFIG. 11 , afluid conduit 112, such as, but not limited to a branched “Y” is provided. Onebranch 114 ofconduit 112 communicates withoutlet port 32.Branch 116 ofconduit 112 communicates withtube 118, which ultimately communicates withtube 18 and the receivingcontainer 14. Aport 120 ofconduit 112 is connected to tube or “dummy line” 122. - In accordance with the present invention, it may be desired or even necessary to occasionally vent air from receiving
container 14. Typically, this is achieved by “burping” air from receivingcontainer 14 through a line insystem 10. In many of the embodiments, this flow path is provided asbypass tube 38. InFIGS. 1A, 2A and 11, abypass tube 38 defines a flow path that provides a vent for air fromsystem 10, and specificallycontainer 14.Bypass tube 38 includes a one-way check valve 40.Line 38 withvalve 40 allows air to be vented from receivingcontainer 14. - Where
bypass tube 38 is included, an additional branched flow conduit may also be provided as shown in FIG. 11. In one preferred embodiment, additional conduits may also be branchedconnectors branched conduits - Thus, flow through the
processing system 10 shown inFIG. 11 is as follows. Fluid flows fromsource container 12 throughline 16. It enters branchedconduit 126. In the preferred embodiment, branched conduit is a trifurcated conduit, as shown. Onetube 129 extends from port 126A and is received byport 104 ofconduit 102. At this point, it should be noted thattube 110, may be a “dummy line” which is sealed or flow therethrough otherwise restricted. Accordingly, flow throughbifurcated conduit 102 is necessarily directed throughport 106, through which it entersdevice 20. This branched conduit effectively reverses the direction of flow by 180°. - Once the fluid has passed through the device, where it
contacts removing medium 60, it entersoutlet 32. Flow exits thedevice 20 throughport 32 and entersconduit 112 throughport 114. As withfluid conduit 102,tube 122 is a “dummy line” that is sealed or flow therethrough is otherwise restricted. This prevents flow from entering thetube 122 and directs the flow throughtube 118.Tube 118 communicates withconduit 128 and in particular port 128 a. Port 128 a communicates withtube 18 through which fluid is passed and collected in receivingcontainer 14. - As shown in
FIG. 11 , abypass tube 38 may also be provided. One end ofbypass tube 38 communicates withport 128 c of the trifurcatedconduit 128, while the other end ofline 38 communicates with 126 c of the trifurcatedconduit 126. - Alternative fluid circuits are shown in
FIGS. 12-16 . InFIG. 12 ,inlet port 30 andoutlet port 32 are T-shaped ports which include openings facing both away from and towardcenter 36 ofdevice 20. With this arrangement, the trifurcated conduit ofFIG. 11 can be eliminated. Accordingly, as shown inFIG. 12 , flow entersfluid conduit 112 and is directed toinlet port 30. The embodiment ofFIG. 12 includesline 130 with a one-way check valve 40 a of the type previously described. Checkvalve 40 a, shown inFIG. 12 , prevents flow from enteringline 130 andoutlet port 132, thereby ensuring that fluid travels throughtube 129 towardinlet port 30. Fluid entersdevice 20 and exits throughoutlet port 32 where it is directed totube 134. One end oftube 134 is attached to one branch ofoutlet 32, while the other end oftube 134 is attached tobranched conduit 102. - A further alternative embodiment is shown in
FIG. 13 . This embodiment is similar in many respects to the embodiment ofFIG. 12 , in that it includes T-shapedports FIG. 13 likewise includesbifurcated conduits Tubes check valves device 20 atinlet port 30 and exitsdevice 20 atoutlet port 32. - A further alternative embodiment is shown in
FIGS. 15-16 . The embodiment ofFIGS. 15 and 16 is similar in many respects to that shown inFIG. 11 . In lieu of Y-type connectors, however,U-shaped conduits outlet ports housing 42. The embodiment shown inFIGS. 15 and 16 may further includebifurcated conduits line 16 providing a flow path fromsource container 12 andline 18 leading to receivingcontainer 14. As shown inFIG. 15 ,conduit 142 communicates fluid fromtube 16 throughtube 144.Tube 144 is connected toU-shaped flow conduit 136 attached toinlet port 30 ofdevice 20. Fluid exitsdevice 20 throughoutlet port 32, as previously described, and is diverted byU-shaped conduit 138 totube 146.Tube 146, in turn, communicates with Y-type conduit 140 and ultimately with receivingcontainer 14. Abypass line 38 may also be provided (for reasons previously described), including one-way check valve 40. - Turning now to
FIGS. 25 and 26 , there is shown another alternative embodiment of a removal device embodying the present invention. In this embodiment,inlet port 30 is located betweencenter 36 andsource container 12, andoutlet 32 is located betweencenter 36 and receivingcontainer 14.Inlet port 30 andoutlet 32 are in flow communication withinternal channels 190 and 192, respectively. - The tubing configurations described above assist in maintaining
housing 42 in a substantially vertical orientation. As described above, this allows for substantially uniform and complete exposure of the biological fluid to theremoval media 60. - Finally, shown in
FIGS. 17-24 are additional ways of organizing the fluid circuit of a fluid processing set 10 of the present invention, and substantially maintaining the vertical orientation ofdevice 20. Shown inFIGS. 17-21 is an external holder used for holdingdevice 20. As shown inFIG. 17 ,holder 150 may be made of twoseparable parts Holder 150 may be made of a suitable plastic material and injection molded.Holder 150 may include stiffeningribs 151 to provide additional stiffness. As shown inFIGS. 17 and 18 ,holder 150 may includetube guiding clips FIG. 21 , clips 160 (and 162) define a channel which receives tubing. In addition, clips 160 and 162 also assist in guidingtubes device 20 and exit of fluid through the “top” ofdevice 20. - As shown in
FIG. 18 , bothportions holder 150 may be identical. This allows one molding tool to be used for both parts of theholder 150. - Additional means for retaining
device 20 are shown inFIGS. 22-24 . In these embodiments,device 20 is nested in a saddle-type holder 170.Saddle 170 may also includetube guiding clips 172 for directing tubes of the processing set in the desired configuration and direction. Also, as shown inFIGS. 22-24 , to further ensure the desired vertical disposition of thedevice 20, hooks 180 may be provided to hold two portions of the fluid circuit in close proximity to each other. Finally, as shown inFIG. 24 , the entire saddle, or holder, 170 may be attached to a vertically standingIV pole 182. - Another important objective achieved by the present invention is the ability to ensure processing time consistency from one disposable set to the next. The challenge, of course, resides in the fact that there are inherent differences in the resistance to flow from removal medium disk to removal medium disk. Applicants have discovered that flow through the system can be substantially controlled and, thus, the influence of the resistance from
disk 60, substantially diminished. In particular, and as discussed in more detail below, by adjusting the length of the flow path and the internal diameters ofinlet tube 16 andoutlet tube 18, it is possible to provide substantially consistent processing times from one set to the next. - For example, by lengthening the flow path of the system, namely the distance from
source container 12 to collection container 14 (i.e., the “head height”), the force driving flow through the system may be increased. In addition, locatingdevice 20 further from thesource container 12 and closer to receiving container 14 (as generally depicted inFIG. 1 ) increases the force on the fluid flowing throughinlet tube 16 and enteringdevice 20 atinlet port 30 during priming. - Thus, for example, the length of
tube 16 may be approximately 1.5 to 8 times as long astube 18. In one specific, non-limiting example, the length oftube 16 may be approximately 26 inches and the length oftube 18, approximately 3½ inches. - It has also been discovered that additional control over the flow rate can be achieved by adjusting the diameter of the flow path(s). For example, by narrowing the internal diameter of inlet tube 16 (as compared to the diameter found in standard sized tubings used in blood processing and the medical field, generally), together with the lengthening of the overall “head height,” as discussed above, the resulting flow rate is sufficient to substantially reduce the effect of the inherent resistance of the removal medium or disk. Thus, flow can be better controlled and remain relatively insensitive to the resistance provided by the disk.
- For example, inlet tubing, disk and outlet tubing form a hydraulic circuit that can be described as resistances in series (R1 for inlet tubing, R2 for disk and R3 for outlet tubing and Rr describing additional resistances from connectors (such as Y-sites, diameter changes and other connections). Thus, total resistance in the fluid circuit is the sum of these individual resistances. The driver for the flow is head-height as described above.
- It is known that disk manufacturing will generate variability in R2 resistance. If, R2 is the dominant resistor in the circuit, the variations in its magnitude will cause significant variations in flow rate and ultimately processing time. Thus, the impact of disk manufacturing variability can be minimized by making another component in the circuit, specifically inlet tubing R1, the dominant resistor. Since tubing ID and length manufacturing tolerances are controllable to a higher degree compared to disk manufacturing, inherent variations in R1 are expected to be significantly smaller in magnitude compared to R2 variances. Inlet tube resistance is primarily defined by the internal diameter of the tube and secondarily by the length for the laminar flow regime of interest (Reynolds number 100-1000). Thus, the internal diameter (of tube 16) is the primary parameter to be changed.
- Selection of the inlet tubing compared to outlet tubing as the primary restrictor is also driven by relative tube length considerations. The rationale of having longer tube length on the inlet side of the processing set as compared to outlet side has been discussed above. By selecting R1 as the dominant resistor, added benefit from tube length is gained as well.
- Thus, whereas standard tubing used in blood processing typically has an internal diameter of approximately 0.118 inches, to provide the benefits described above, the internal diameter of
tube 16 must be less than the standard and, more preferably, substantially less than the above-identified diameter. In one preferred, non-limiting example, the internal diameter of theinlet tube 16 may be anywhere between 0.025 and 0.09 inches. Even more preferably, the internal diameter of the tubing may be approximately 0.057±0.03 inches. - Further improvement in the processing time and flow consistency can also be achieved by altering the internal diameter of outlet tubes that are in flow communication with
outlet 30. In one embodiment, the internal diameter of the outlet tube 18 (and/ortube 118 inFIG. 11 , and/ortube segment 146 inFIG. 16 ) may be between approximately 0.04 inches and 0.120 inches. More preferably, the internal diameter of tube in flow communication with outlet may be approximately 0.080±0.03 inches. Narrowing the internal diameter of these outlet tubes (as compared to the internal diameter found in standard size tubing) assists in driving out air bubbles that may otherwise accumulate and restrict flow. - The present invention has been described in the context of its preferred embodiments. It will be understood, however, that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described, and that further improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention which is set forth in the appended claims.
Claims (31)
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US11/267,391 US20060108272A1 (en) | 2003-09-12 | 2005-11-04 | Flow-through removal device and system using such device |
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US10/661,994 US7534348B2 (en) | 2003-09-12 | 2003-09-12 | Flow-through removal device and system using such device |
US11/267,391 US20060108272A1 (en) | 2003-09-12 | 2005-11-04 | Flow-through removal device and system using such device |
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US10/661,994 Division US7534348B2 (en) | 2003-09-12 | 2003-09-12 | Flow-through removal device and system using such device |
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US10/661,994 Expired - Lifetime US7534348B2 (en) | 2003-09-12 | 2003-09-12 | Flow-through removal device and system using such device |
US11/267,391 Abandoned US20060108272A1 (en) | 2003-09-12 | 2005-11-04 | Flow-through removal device and system using such device |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US10/661,994 Expired - Lifetime US7534348B2 (en) | 2003-09-12 | 2003-09-12 | Flow-through removal device and system using such device |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7534348B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1682245B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4891080B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20060105740A (en) |
CN (1) | CN100522308C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE487525T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2004287360B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0414270B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2538839C (en) |
DE (1) | DE602004030029D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2356084T3 (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA06002765A (en) |
SG (1) | SG146628A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005044418A2 (en) |
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US10159778B2 (en) | 2014-03-24 | 2018-12-25 | Fenwal, Inc. | Biological fluid filters having flexible walls and methods for making such filters |
US10213534B2 (en) | 2013-10-03 | 2019-02-26 | Asahi Kasei Medical Co., Ltd. | Blood processing filter and blood processing filter manufacturing method |
US10376627B2 (en) | 2014-03-24 | 2019-08-13 | Fenwal, Inc. | Flexible biological fluid filters |
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US10064989B2 (en) | 2013-10-03 | 2018-09-04 | Asahi Kasei Medical Co., Ltd. | Blood processing filter and blood processing filter manufacturing method |
US10213534B2 (en) | 2013-10-03 | 2019-02-26 | Asahi Kasei Medical Co., Ltd. | Blood processing filter and blood processing filter manufacturing method |
US9782707B2 (en) | 2014-03-24 | 2017-10-10 | Fenwal, Inc. | Biological fluid filters having flexible walls and methods for making such filters |
US9796166B2 (en) | 2014-03-24 | 2017-10-24 | Fenwal, Inc. | Flexible biological fluid filters |
US9968738B2 (en) | 2014-03-24 | 2018-05-15 | Fenwal, Inc. | Biological fluid filters with molded frame and methods for making such filters |
US10159778B2 (en) | 2014-03-24 | 2018-12-25 | Fenwal, Inc. | Biological fluid filters having flexible walls and methods for making such filters |
US10183475B2 (en) | 2014-03-24 | 2019-01-22 | Fenwal, Inc. | Flexible biological fluid filters |
US10343093B2 (en) | 2014-03-24 | 2019-07-09 | Fenwal, Inc. | Biological fluid filters having flexible walls and methods for making such filters |
US10376627B2 (en) | 2014-03-24 | 2019-08-13 | Fenwal, Inc. | Flexible biological fluid filters |
US10471191B2 (en) | 2014-07-07 | 2019-11-12 | Asahi Kasei Medical Co., Ltd. | Blood treatment filter and blood treatment filter manufacturing method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2005044418A2 (en) | 2005-05-19 |
CN1849161A (en) | 2006-10-18 |
JP4891080B2 (en) | 2012-03-07 |
KR20060105740A (en) | 2006-10-11 |
CN100522308C (en) | 2009-08-05 |
CA2538839A1 (en) | 2005-05-19 |
JP2007504947A (en) | 2007-03-08 |
EP1682245A2 (en) | 2006-07-26 |
CA2538839C (en) | 2014-02-18 |
ATE487525T1 (en) | 2010-11-15 |
DE602004030029D1 (en) | 2010-12-23 |
SG146628A1 (en) | 2008-10-30 |
BRPI0414270A (en) | 2006-11-07 |
ES2356084T3 (en) | 2011-04-04 |
WO2005044418A3 (en) | 2005-08-25 |
US7534348B2 (en) | 2009-05-19 |
EP1682245B1 (en) | 2010-11-10 |
AU2004287360B2 (en) | 2010-04-15 |
BRPI0414270B1 (en) | 2015-02-03 |
AU2004287360A1 (en) | 2005-05-19 |
MXPA06002765A (en) | 2006-06-14 |
US20050056580A1 (en) | 2005-03-17 |
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