US2309124A - Ultraviolet exposure chamber - Google Patents
Ultraviolet exposure chamber Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2309124A US2309124A US365855A US36585540A US2309124A US 2309124 A US2309124 A US 2309124A US 365855 A US365855 A US 365855A US 36585540 A US36585540 A US 36585540A US 2309124 A US2309124 A US 2309124A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- receptacle
- cover
- blood
- portions
- exposure chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 31
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 31
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010040047 Sepsis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000037815 bloodstream infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012858 resilient material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3681—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits by irradiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J19/12—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electromagnetic waves
- B01J19/122—Incoherent waves
- B01J19/123—Ultra-violet light
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/05—General characteristics of the apparatus combined with other kinds of therapy
- A61M2205/051—General characteristics of the apparatus combined with other kinds of therapy with radiation therapy
- A61M2205/053—General characteristics of the apparatus combined with other kinds of therapy with radiation therapy ultraviolet
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2206/00—Characteristics of a physical parameter; associated device therefor
- A61M2206/10—Flow characteristics
- A61M2206/14—Static flow deviators in tubes disturbing laminar flow in tubes, e.g. archimedes screws
Definitions
- My invention relates to the art of surgery and medicine and has for its specific object the provision of an exposure chamber which may be used effectively for irradiating blood flowing therethru. In this connection it is used in practising the invention described in United States Letters Patent No. 1,683,877, issued September 11, 1928, to myself and to L. A. Edblom entitled Means for treating blood stream infection.
- the primary object of my invention is to provide an exposure chamber of this character in which blood is directed along a tortuous passageway beneath a window permeable to ultra-violet radiation and said stream of blood flowing along said passageway is given gentle turbulence to cause it to flow towards and from said window.
- the object of my present invention is attained by arranging in a chambered receptacle having a series of passageways extending transversely of said chamber, a series of spirally twisted devices which lie centrally of said transverse passageways.
- the spirally twisted devices are adapted to give a substantial lift to the blood thus flowing to direct the undermost portions of the stream toward the permeable window to displace other portions which have previously occupied this space.
- the flow of blood through said chamber moves at a substantially uniform rate and is rendered gently turbulent so that all particles of blood composing said stream will be exposed to ultra-violet radiation and none will be whipped suddenly to destroy or injure the constituent portions of the blood.
- Fig. 1 isa more or less diagrammatic illustration of an arrangement of apparatus for irradiating blood which includes my novel exposure chamber;
- Fig. 2 is an elevation of said chamber with portions shown broken away to disclosed structural details, the flow of the blood stream through said exposure chamber being indicated by arrows;
- Fig. 3 is a sectional view of said exposure chamher taken on the line 3-3 in Fig. 2
- Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken substantially on the line 4- in Fig. 2;
- Fig. 5 is a perspective detail of an annular member carrying spirally twisted devices for imparting gentle turbulence and movement to the blood to cause it to move towards and from the window of an exposure chamber embodying my invention
- Fig. 6 is a sectional detail view of a chamber '20 embodying my invention with the cover and retaining ring shown removed therefrom to illustrate the manner in which the'baflies are arranged within said chamber; and Y Fig. 7 is a fragmentary perspective detail view illustrating the manner in which the spirally twisted devices are carried by the annular member.
- An exposure chamber embodying my invention comprises a chambered receptacle a which is substantially cup-shaped, and the open mouth of which is adapted to be closed by a removable cover 12.
- Said removable cover constitutes a transparent window made of quartz or other material permeable to ultra-violet radiation between 3-5 1800 and 4000 Angstrom units.
- Said cover is held in place upon said chambered receptacle by a cap 0 which is secured to the receptacle by screw threads" 0
- I preferably provide a gasket 11 made of some resilient material so that pressure exerted 4.0 by the cap upon the cover will not be localized to fracture said cover.
- Said cover fits tightly upon the mouth of the receptacle and bears uniformly about the entire surface thereof.
- the receptacle (1. has a series of upstanding parallel bafiles ex- 5 tending transversely thereof, and said baumbles upon their upper edges bear against'the under surface of the cover. i
- passageway 2' thus formed is substantially of uniform cross-sectional area except at the openings h. There said passageway is restricted by the size of said openings h. Said openings preferably are formed with an oblique under side extending from adjacent the floor :i of the receptacle to the under side of the cover b. Thus blood flowing from the space between one baffle and the adjacent one is lifted from the floor and directed towards the under face of the cover b, thus to effect substantial turbulence as well as lift.
- the spaces is between baiiies e are slightly deeper than they are wide.
- the depth of the passageway as dictated by the distance in which blood can be maintained turbulent and when thus rendered turbulent will be permeated by ultraviolet radiation directed through the cover b.
- Immediately adjacent the ports j and g I provide solid portions Z and m which prevent blood from passing beyond said ports and to create stagnant pools in which blood might collect and become over-irradiated. That is, said solid portions eliminate areas through which there would be no forced flow of blood within said chambered receptacle.
- My exposure chamber is adapted to be used in connection with a, water-cooled ultra-violet generator n. Energy is transmitted to said generator through electrical connections 0.
- Blood is removed from the patient to be treated and is placed in a graduated vessel 10, for example, and if thus placed, said vessel is arranged above the exposure device to produce a static head sufficient to induce flow of blood through the exposure chamber. Blood flows from said graduated Vessel to the exposure chamber through a conduit q, and from the exposure chamber through a conduit 1' to a veni-puncture needle s. The graduations on the sides of said vessel can be observed to determine whether the rate of flow from said vessel is correct.
- the capacity of the chambered receptacle is known and the exposure time is predetermined and thus the rate of flow through the exposure chamber can be determined by watching the flow from the graduated vessel.
- the rate of flow can be controlled from said vessel either by varying the static head or by restricting the flow of blood through the conduits.
- the chambered receptacle preferably is arranged in operating position on its side as is illustrated in Fig. 2.
- blood is admitted into the interior of the chambered receptacle through port f, flows along the tortuous passageway i, and out through the port 9'.
- the flow of blood through the chambered receptacle along the tortuous passageway is the matter with which my present invention is most concerned. I deem turbulence essential and flow towards and from the under surface of the cover b so that no portion of the blood can flow through the chamber without passing at least once immediately adjacent the under surface of said cover. This is accomplished by the arrangement of the openings h at the alternate ends of the baffles e and of the ports ,1" and g, but I deem it desirable to provide auxiliary devices for increasing said turbulence without causing said turbulence to become excessive.
- I provide a spirally twisted flute t in each of the spaces k of the chambered receptacle a.
- Said flutes extend longitudinally of said spaces and I deem it preferable, although not essential, that said flutes lie in close proximity to the floor of each of said spaces. This is the way they are illustrated in Fig. 3.
- the reason I deem this arrangement desirable is that it tends to lift up the underlying portions of the blood in the stream flowing along the passageway and moves said underlying portions towards the under surface of the cover to displace the portions previously flowing along the under surface of the cover.
- the flutes, when arranged at the bottom of the space thus do not overlie any of the upper portions of the stream and I have determined that it is in the upper portions of the stream that the greatest effective radiation is present to act upon the particles of blood to be affected.
- Said flutes are fixed transversely of an annular member it which is adapted to fit tightly within the chambered receptacle. This is illustrated in Fig.6, and it is to be noticed that the rim portion u of said member is notched, or otherwise relieved, upon the inner edge 712 so as to straddle the end of each of the baflies which is not cut away to define openings 72..
- Each of said baflles is likewise cut away or relieved as at c, to accommodate the notches u3 in the annular member u, and when thus arranged, the annular member u is fixed in position Within the chambered receptacle.
- Other portions of said rim are cut away as M so as to straddle the solid portions Z and m previously described.
- spirally twisted flutes are quite thin and the edges are made smooth and rounded as is illustrated in Fig. 7, so that no portions of blood will tend to fibrinate by being caught upon said edges.
- the notches and cut away portions of the annular member, and of the bafiles, are formed to fit tightly one over the other so as to eliminate roughened portions or apertures at their point of joinder, for like reasons.
- Blood being exposed in said chambered receptacle thus is caused to move along at a uniform rate and is not Whipped about or churned unduly, but is given gentle turbulence so that all portions may be uniformly exposed to ultraviolet radiation directed thru the cover b.
- the cover, cap, gasket, and annular member a are separable and removable from the receptacle so that absolute cleanliness and sterile conditions may be maintained.
- a chambered receptacle having a cover therefor permeable to ultra-violet radiation, two spaced conduit connections opening into said receptacle, a series of spaced bafiies having openings formed in alternate ends thereof defining a continuous tortuous passageway in said receptacle lying immediately below said cover and extending from one conduit connection to the other, each of said ends terminating at an oblique angle to said cover.
- a. chambered receptacle having a cover therefor permeable to ultra-violet radiation, two spaced conduit connections opening into said receptacle, a series of spaced bafiles having openings formed in alternate ends thereof defining a continuous tortuous passageway in said receptacle lying immediately below said cover and extending from one conduit connection to the other, said openings being of gradually increasing width toward the cover so as to effect a substantial lift toward said cover and to produce turbulence in the stream flow thru said openings.
- chambered receptacle having a cover therefor permeable to ultra-violet radiation, two spaced conduit connections opening into said receptacle, a series of spaced bafiles having openings formed in alternate ends thereof defining a continuous tortuous passageway in said receptacle lying immediately below said cover and extending from one conduit connection to the other, said openings being of greater width adjacent the cover so as to eiTect a substantial lift toward said cover and to produce turbulence in the stream flow thru said openings.
- a chambered receptacle having a cover therefor permeable to ultra-violet radiation, two spaced conduit connections opening into said receptacle, a series of spaced baflies having openings formed in alternate ends thereof defining a continuous tortuous passageway in said receptacle below said cover extending from one conduit connection to the other, stationary means arranged in said passageway to efiect a substantial lift toward said cover and to produce turbulence in the stream fiow thru said passageway and toward and from said cover.
- a chambered receptacle having a cover therefor permeable to ultra-violet radiation, two spaced conduit connections opening into said receptacle, a series of spaced bafiles having openings formed in alternate ends thereof defining a continuous tortuous passageway in said receptacle below said cover extending from one conduit connection to .the other, stationary spiral flutes arranged in cover extending from one conduit connection to the other, a removable annular member adapted to fit within said receptacle and provided with turbulence producing devices adapted to lie between said baffles.
- a chambered receptacle having a cover therefor permeable to ultra-violet radiation, two spaced conduit connections opening into said receptacle, a series of spaced baffies having openings formed in alternate ends thereof defining a continuous tortuous passageway in said receptacle below said cover extending from one conduit connection to the other, a removable annular member adapted to fit within said receptacle and provided with spirally twisted devices adapted to lie between said baflies.
- a chambered receptacle having a cover therefor permeable to ultra-violet radiation, two spaced conduit connections opening into said receptacle, a series of spaced baflies having openings formed in alternate ends thereof defining a continuous tortuous passageway in said receptacle below said cover extending from one conduit connection to the other, a removable annular member adapted to fit within said receptacle and provided with spirally twisted devices adapted to lie centrally between said bafiles.
- a chambered receptacle having a cover therefor permeable to ultra-violet radiation, two spaced conduit connections opening into said receptacle, a series of spaced baflies having openings formed in alternate ends thereof defining a continuous tortuous passageway in said receptacle below said cover extending from one conduit connection to the other, a removable annular member adapted to fit within said receptacle and providedwith devices adapted to lie between said baflies, said annular member and said bariers being relieved relatively to accommodate each other and to fix said member within said receptacle.
Description
Jan. 26, 1943. E. K. KNOTT 2,309,124
ULTRA-VIOLET EXPOSURE CHAMBER Filed NOV. 16, 1940 Patented Jan. 26, 1943 UNITED STATES TEE. OFFICE My invention relates to the art of surgery and medicine and has for its specific object the provision of an exposure chamber which may be used effectively for irradiating blood flowing therethru. In this connection it is used in practising the invention described in United States Letters Patent No. 1,683,877, issued September 11, 1928, to myself and to L. A. Edblom entitled Means for treating blood stream infection.
This application is intended as a continuation in part of my copending application for patent entitled Ultra-violet exposure device for blood, filed February 19, 1938, Serial No. 191,468, which application has been abandoned.
The primary object of my invention is to provide an exposure chamber of this character in which blood is directed along a tortuous passageway beneath a window permeable to ultra-violet radiation and said stream of blood flowing along said passageway is given gentle turbulence to cause it to flow towards and from said window.
In my co-pending application for patent entitled Method and means for irradiating blood, filed May 1, 1939, Serial No. 271,072, I discuss the reasons for a thorough irradiation of all portions of the blood to be exposed to ultra-violet radiation and the danger of over-irradiation. I have determined that each particle of blood to be irradiated should be exposed for only a limited time, possibly only a fractional portion of a second and that in a layer of blood even as thin as one centimeter, its lowermost portion is opaque to radiation, and the particles of blood flowing along the under side of said stratum are not radiated effectively, if at all.
The object of my present invention is attained by arranging in a chambered receptacle having a series of passageways extending transversely of said chamber, a series of spirally twisted devices which lie centrally of said transverse passageways. The spirally twisted devices are adapted to give a substantial lift to the blood thus flowing to direct the undermost portions of the stream toward the permeable window to displace other portions which have previously occupied this space. Thus, the flow of blood through said chamber moves at a substantially uniform rate and is rendered gently turbulent so that all particles of blood composing said stream will be exposed to ultra-violet radiation and none will be whipped suddenly to destroy or injure the constituent portions of the blood.
Other and further objects and features of my invention are hereinafter described with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which:
Fig. 1 isa more or less diagrammatic illustration of an arrangement of apparatus for irradiating blood which includes my novel exposure chamber;
Fig. 2 is an elevation of said chamber with portions shown broken away to disclosed structural details, the flow of the blood stream through said exposure chamber being indicated by arrows;
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of said exposure chamher taken on the line 3-3 in Fig. 2
Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken substantially on the line 4- in Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is a perspective detail of an annular member carrying spirally twisted devices for imparting gentle turbulence and movement to the blood to cause it to move towards and from the window of an exposure chamber embodying my invention;
Fig. 6 is a sectional detail view of a chamber '20 embodying my invention with the cover and retaining ring shown removed therefrom to illustrate the manner in which the'baflies are arranged within said chamber; and Y Fig. 7 is a fragmentary perspective detail view illustrating the manner in which the spirally twisted devices are carried by the annular member.
An exposure chamber embodying my invention comprises a chambered receptacle a which is substantially cup-shaped, and the open mouth of which is adapted to be closed by a removable cover 12. Said removable cover constitutes a transparent window made of quartz or other material permeable to ultra-violet radiation between 3-5 1800 and 4000 Angstrom units. Said cover is held in place upon said chambered receptacle by a cap 0 which is secured to the receptacle by screw threads" 0 I preferably provide a gasket 11 made of some resilient material so that pressure exerted 4.0 by the cap upon the cover will not be localized to fracture said cover. Said cover fits tightly upon the mouth of the receptacle and bears uniformly about the entire surface thereof. The receptacle (1. has a series of upstanding parallel bafiles ex- 5 tending transversely thereof, and said baiiles upon their upper edges bear against'the under surface of the cover. i
Two spaced conduits f and y direct fluid into said chamber and open through ports J" and g,
respectively, to said chamber. 'At' alternate ends of said bailles are arranged openings h which join adjacent spaces between bafiles one with the other. In this way, I form a continuous tortuous passageway within the receptacle and below said cover extending from port f and port 9'. The
passageway 2' thus formed is substantially of uniform cross-sectional area except at the openings h. There said passageway is restricted by the size of said openings h. Said openings preferably are formed with an oblique under side extending from adjacent the floor :i of the receptacle to the under side of the cover b. Thus blood flowing from the space between one baffle and the adjacent one is lifted from the floor and directed towards the under face of the cover b, thus to effect substantial turbulence as well as lift.
Referring to Fig. 4, it will be noticed that the spaces is between baiiies e are slightly deeper than they are wide. The depth of the passageway as dictated by the distance in which blood can be maintained turbulent and when thus rendered turbulent will be permeated by ultraviolet radiation directed through the cover b. Immediately adjacent the ports j and g I provide solid portions Z and m which prevent blood from passing beyond said ports and to create stagnant pools in which blood might collect and become over-irradiated. That is, said solid portions eliminate areas through which there would be no forced flow of blood within said chambered receptacle.
My exposure chamber is adapted to be used in connection with a, water-cooled ultra-violet generator n. Energy is transmitted to said generator through electrical connections 0. Blood is removed from the patient to be treated and is placed in a graduated vessel 10, for example, and if thus placed, said vessel is arranged above the exposure device to produce a static head sufficient to induce flow of blood through the exposure chamber. Blood flows from said graduated Vessel to the exposure chamber through a conduit q, and from the exposure chamber through a conduit 1' to a veni-puncture needle s. The graduations on the sides of said vessel can be observed to determine whether the rate of flow from said vessel is correct. The capacity of the chambered receptacle is known and the exposure time is predetermined and thus the rate of flow through the exposure chamber can be determined by watching the flow from the graduated vessel. The rate of flow can be controlled from said vessel either by varying the static head or by restricting the flow of blood through the conduits.
The chambered receptacle preferably is arranged in operating position on its side as is illustrated in Fig. 2. Thus blood is admitted into the interior of the chambered receptacle through port f, flows along the tortuous passageway i, and out through the port 9'.
The flow of blood through the chambered receptacle along the tortuous passageway is the matter with which my present invention is most concerned. I deem turbulence essential and flow towards and from the under surface of the cover b so that no portion of the blood can flow through the chamber without passing at least once immediately adjacent the under surface of said cover. This is accomplished by the arrangement of the openings h at the alternate ends of the baffles e and of the ports ,1" and g, but I deem it desirable to provide auxiliary devices for increasing said turbulence without causing said turbulence to become excessive.
To this end I provide a spirally twisted flute t in each of the spaces k of the chambered receptacle a. Said flutes extend longitudinally of said spaces and I deem it preferable, although not essential, that said flutes lie in close proximity to the floor of each of said spaces. This is the way they are illustrated in Fig. 3. The reason I deem this arrangement desirable is that it tends to lift up the underlying portions of the blood in the stream flowing along the passageway and moves said underlying portions towards the under surface of the cover to displace the portions previously flowing along the under surface of the cover. The flutes, when arranged at the bottom of the space thus do not overlie any of the upper portions of the stream and I have determined that it is in the upper portions of the stream that the greatest effective radiation is present to act upon the particles of blood to be affected.
Said flutes are fixed transversely of an annular member it which is adapted to fit tightly within the chambered receptacle. This is illustrated in Fig.6, and it is to be noticed that the rim portion u of said member is notched, or otherwise relieved, upon the inner edge 712 so as to straddle the end of each of the baflies which is not cut away to define openings 72.. Each of said baflles is likewise cut away or relieved as at c, to accommodate the notches u3 in the annular member u, and when thus arranged, the annular member u is fixed in position Within the chambered receptacle. Other portions of said rim are cut away as M so as to straddle the solid portions Z and m previously described. The spirally twisted flutes are quite thin and the edges are made smooth and rounded as is illustrated in Fig. 7, so that no portions of blood will tend to fibrinate by being caught upon said edges. The notches and cut away portions of the annular member, and of the bafiles, are formed to fit tightly one over the other so as to eliminate roughened portions or apertures at their point of joinder, for like reasons.
Blood being exposed in said chambered receptacle thus is caused to move along at a uniform rate and is not Whipped about or churned unduly, but is given gentle turbulence so that all portions may be uniformly exposed to ultraviolet radiation directed thru the cover b. The cover, cap, gasket, and annular member a are separable and removable from the receptacle so that absolute cleanliness and sterile conditions may be maintained.
I claim:
1. In a device of the character described, a chambered receptacle having a cover therefor permeable to ultra-violet radiation, two spaced conduit connections opening into said receptacle, a series of spaced bafiies having openings formed in alternate ends thereof defining a continuous tortuous passageway in said receptacle lying immediately below said cover and extending from one conduit connection to the other, each of said ends terminating at an oblique angle to said cover.
2. In a device of the character described, a. chambered receptacle having a cover therefor permeable to ultra-violet radiation, two spaced conduit connections opening into said receptacle, a series of spaced bafiles having openings formed in alternate ends thereof defining a continuous tortuous passageway in said receptacle lying immediately below said cover and extending from one conduit connection to the other, said openings being of gradually increasing width toward the cover so as to effect a substantial lift toward said cover and to produce turbulence in the stream flow thru said openings.
3. In a device of the character described, a
chambered receptacle having a cover therefor permeable to ultra-violet radiation, two spaced conduit connections opening into said receptacle, a series of spaced bafiles having openings formed in alternate ends thereof defining a continuous tortuous passageway in said receptacle lying immediately below said cover and extending from one conduit connection to the other, said openings being of greater width adjacent the cover so as to eiTect a substantial lift toward said cover and to produce turbulence in the stream flow thru said openings.
4. In a device of the character described, a chambered receptacle having a cover therefor permeable to ultra-violet radiation, two spaced conduit connections opening into said receptacle, a series of spaced baflies having openings formed in alternate ends thereof defining a continuous tortuous passageway in said receptacle below said cover extending from one conduit connection to the other, stationary means arranged in said passageway to efiect a substantial lift toward said cover and to produce turbulence in the stream fiow thru said passageway and toward and from said cover.
5. In a device of the character described, a chambered receptacle having a cover therefor permeable to ultra-violet radiation, two spaced conduit connections opening into said receptacle, a series of spaced bafiles having openings formed in alternate ends thereof defining a continuous tortuous passageway in said receptacle below said cover extending from one conduit connection to .the other, stationary spiral flutes arranged in cover extending from one conduit connection to the other, a removable annular member adapted to fit within said receptacle and provided with turbulence producing devices adapted to lie between said baffles.
7. In a device of the character described, a chambered receptacle having a cover therefor permeable to ultra-violet radiation, two spaced conduit connections opening into said receptacle, a series of spaced baffies having openings formed in alternate ends thereof defining a continuous tortuous passageway in said receptacle below said cover extending from one conduit connection to the other, a removable annular member adapted to fit within said receptacle and provided with spirally twisted devices adapted to lie between said baflies.
8. In a device of the character described, a chambered receptacle having a cover therefor permeable to ultra-violet radiation, two spaced conduit connections opening into said receptacle, a series of spaced baflies having openings formed in alternate ends thereof defining a continuous tortuous passageway in said receptacle below said cover extending from one conduit connection to the other, a removable annular member adapted to fit within said receptacle and provided with spirally twisted devices adapted to lie centrally between said bafiles. V
9. In a device of the character described, a chambered receptacle having a cover therefor permeable to ultra-violet radiation, two spaced conduit connections opening into said receptacle, a series of spaced baflies having openings formed in alternate ends thereof defining a continuous tortuous passageway in said receptacle below said cover extending from one conduit connection to the other, a removable annular member adapted to fit within said receptacle and providedwith devices adapted to lie between said baflies, said annular member and said baiiles being relieved relatively to accommodate each other and to fix said member within said receptacle.
EMMET K. KNOTT.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US365855A US2309124A (en) | 1940-11-16 | 1940-11-16 | Ultraviolet exposure chamber |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US365855A US2309124A (en) | 1940-11-16 | 1940-11-16 | Ultraviolet exposure chamber |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2309124A true US2309124A (en) | 1943-01-26 |
Family
ID=23440654
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US365855A Expired - Lifetime US2309124A (en) | 1940-11-16 | 1940-11-16 | Ultraviolet exposure chamber |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2309124A (en) |
Cited By (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2452201A (en) * | 1946-12-31 | 1948-10-26 | Michael Reese Res Foundation | Sterilizing liquids |
US2457761A (en) * | 1944-12-08 | 1948-12-28 | Wilton W Wesner | Irradiation of liquids using ultraviolet light |
US2501290A (en) * | 1946-07-10 | 1950-03-21 | Pequignot Michel | Method for treating fluids by radiation |
US2636991A (en) * | 1950-05-12 | 1953-04-28 | Hanovia Chemical & Mfg Co | Method and apparatus for irradiating liquids |
US2887107A (en) * | 1953-07-07 | 1959-05-19 | Wehrli Federico | Means for treatment of blood with oxygen or ozone and ultraviolet light |
US4008045A (en) * | 1974-10-03 | 1977-02-15 | Naturvard Research (Canada) Ltd. | Ultra-violet sterilizer having a fluid flow diffuser plate |
US5433738A (en) * | 1989-07-12 | 1995-07-18 | Stinson; Randy L. | Method for irradiating cells |
WO1996036375A1 (en) * | 1995-05-17 | 1996-11-21 | Mueller Hans | Device for the irradiation of bodily fluids with uv light |
WO1997046271A1 (en) * | 1996-06-05 | 1997-12-11 | Iatros Limited | Irradiation device and method for fluids especially for body fluids |
US6113566A (en) * | 1998-12-15 | 2000-09-05 | Foundation For Blood Irradiation Inc. | Ultraviolet blood irradiation method and apparatus |
WO2001074407A1 (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2001-10-11 | Iatros Limited | Micro-organism inactivation system |
US6312593B1 (en) * | 1999-04-23 | 2001-11-06 | Thomas R. Petrie | Ultraviolet blood irradiation chamber |
WO2003035145A1 (en) * | 2001-10-18 | 2003-05-01 | Medizintechnik Promedt Gmbh | Method and device for treating aqueous liquids in human medical treatment |
US20040046127A1 (en) * | 2002-09-09 | 2004-03-11 | Wong Tommy Chi-Kin | Turbine-boosted ultraviolet-radiation sterilizing fluid processor |
US20040073278A1 (en) * | 2001-09-04 | 2004-04-15 | Freddy Pachys | Method of and device for therapeutic illumination of internal organs and tissues |
WO2005025642A2 (en) | 2003-09-04 | 2005-03-24 | Todd John Baumeister | Device and method for irradiating blood |
GB2408457A (en) * | 2003-11-29 | 2005-06-01 | Robert Allan Odes | Disposable infusion apparatus with UV light filter |
US20060157426A1 (en) * | 2004-11-22 | 2006-07-20 | Petrie Thomas R | Blood irradiation system, associated devices and methods for irradiating blood |
EP2859915A1 (en) | 2013-10-10 | 2015-04-15 | Wojewodzki Szpital Specjalistyczny we Wroclawiu | Device for blood photobiomodulation during the extracorporeal circulation |
US20150297325A1 (en) * | 2008-06-03 | 2015-10-22 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Mixer for mixing a dental composition |
US9208296B1 (en) | 2014-06-19 | 2015-12-08 | Norman Romanick | Prevention of use of a contaminated medical product |
-
1940
- 1940-11-16 US US365855A patent/US2309124A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (30)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2457761A (en) * | 1944-12-08 | 1948-12-28 | Wilton W Wesner | Irradiation of liquids using ultraviolet light |
US2501290A (en) * | 1946-07-10 | 1950-03-21 | Pequignot Michel | Method for treating fluids by radiation |
US2452201A (en) * | 1946-12-31 | 1948-10-26 | Michael Reese Res Foundation | Sterilizing liquids |
US2636991A (en) * | 1950-05-12 | 1953-04-28 | Hanovia Chemical & Mfg Co | Method and apparatus for irradiating liquids |
US2887107A (en) * | 1953-07-07 | 1959-05-19 | Wehrli Federico | Means for treatment of blood with oxygen or ozone and ultraviolet light |
US3043982A (en) * | 1953-07-07 | 1962-07-10 | Wehrli Federico | Device for the treatment of blood or the like |
US4008045A (en) * | 1974-10-03 | 1977-02-15 | Naturvard Research (Canada) Ltd. | Ultra-violet sterilizer having a fluid flow diffuser plate |
US5433738A (en) * | 1989-07-12 | 1995-07-18 | Stinson; Randy L. | Method for irradiating cells |
WO1996036375A1 (en) * | 1995-05-17 | 1996-11-21 | Mueller Hans | Device for the irradiation of bodily fluids with uv light |
WO1997046271A1 (en) * | 1996-06-05 | 1997-12-11 | Iatros Limited | Irradiation device and method for fluids especially for body fluids |
US6464936B1 (en) | 1996-06-05 | 2002-10-15 | Iatros Limited | Irradiation device and method for fluids especially for body fluids |
US6113566A (en) * | 1998-12-15 | 2000-09-05 | Foundation For Blood Irradiation Inc. | Ultraviolet blood irradiation method and apparatus |
US6312593B1 (en) * | 1999-04-23 | 2001-11-06 | Thomas R. Petrie | Ultraviolet blood irradiation chamber |
WO2001074407A1 (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2001-10-11 | Iatros Limited | Micro-organism inactivation system |
US20030138346A1 (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2003-07-24 | Andrew Gunn | Micro-organsim inactivation system |
US7175808B2 (en) | 2000-03-31 | 2007-02-13 | Iatros Limited | Micro-organism inactivation system |
US20040073278A1 (en) * | 2001-09-04 | 2004-04-15 | Freddy Pachys | Method of and device for therapeutic illumination of internal organs and tissues |
WO2003035145A1 (en) * | 2001-10-18 | 2003-05-01 | Medizintechnik Promedt Gmbh | Method and device for treating aqueous liquids in human medical treatment |
US20050061743A1 (en) * | 2001-10-18 | 2005-03-24 | Klaus Buttner | Device and device for treating aqueous liquids in human medical treatment |
US20040046127A1 (en) * | 2002-09-09 | 2004-03-11 | Wong Tommy Chi-Kin | Turbine-boosted ultraviolet-radiation sterilizing fluid processor |
WO2005025642A2 (en) | 2003-09-04 | 2005-03-24 | Todd John Baumeister | Device and method for irradiating blood |
US20090198169A1 (en) * | 2003-09-04 | 2009-08-06 | Prism Biotech, Inc. | Device and method for irradiating blood |
GB2408457A (en) * | 2003-11-29 | 2005-06-01 | Robert Allan Odes | Disposable infusion apparatus with UV light filter |
US20060157426A1 (en) * | 2004-11-22 | 2006-07-20 | Petrie Thomas R | Blood irradiation system, associated devices and methods for irradiating blood |
US7547391B2 (en) * | 2004-11-22 | 2009-06-16 | Energex Systems, Inc. | Blood irradiation system, associated devices and methods for irradiating blood |
US20150297325A1 (en) * | 2008-06-03 | 2015-10-22 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Mixer for mixing a dental composition |
US9498309B2 (en) * | 2008-06-03 | 2016-11-22 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Mixer for mixing a dental composition |
EP2859915A1 (en) | 2013-10-10 | 2015-04-15 | Wojewodzki Szpital Specjalistyczny we Wroclawiu | Device for blood photobiomodulation during the extracorporeal circulation |
US9208296B1 (en) | 2014-06-19 | 2015-12-08 | Norman Romanick | Prevention of use of a contaminated medical product |
US9436802B2 (en) | 2014-06-19 | 2016-09-06 | Norman Romanick | Prevention of use of a contaminated medical product |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US2309124A (en) | Ultraviolet exposure chamber | |
Liberson | The value of a multi-perforated screen in deep X-ray therapy: A preliminary report on a new method of delivering multiple erythema doses without permanent injury to the skin | |
ATE10432T1 (en) | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR KEEPING SURGICAL OR DENTAL HANDPIECES STERILE. | |
Kramer | Tumor extent as a determining factor in radiotherapy of glioblastomas | |
Moore et al. | Projections of the Inferior Colliculus in Insectivores and Primates; pp. 301–313 | |
DE3739979A1 (en) | Appliance for disinfecting water by UV irradiation | |
DE3484831D1 (en) | DEVICE FOR EXTERNAL TREATMENT OF PHYSICAL LIQUIDS. | |
CN205698646U (en) | A kind of neurosurgery interventional therapy device | |
Kumari et al. | Effects of anxiety on closure effect disappearance threshold (brain blood-shift gradient). | |
DE910466C (en) | Ultrasonic treatment device | |
GB655198A (en) | Process and apparatus for the irradiation of liquids | |
DE2018468A1 (en) | Body massage device | |
US1806674A (en) | Medical cabinet fob | |
DE102020124899A1 (en) | Foot bath with light, especially blue light, as well as procedures for treating two feet | |
US1954065A (en) | Method and apparatus for increasing the vitamin content of liquid foods | |
Gjévenes et al. | The tone decay test | |
US2193225A (en) | Apparatus and process for irradiating fluids | |
JPS57130584A (en) | Ultraviolet ray water sterilizing apparatus | |
Downie et al. | Spontaneous nystagmus direction does not indicate laterality | |
CN106109977A (en) | The Chinese medicine preparation for the treatment of liver-Yang sthenia type sudden deafness | |
WOOD | Council on Physical Therapy | |
US2037797A (en) | Treatment of fabrics | |
de Barenne et al. | The Sensory Cortex of the Chimpanzee. | |
DE4330189A1 (en) | High energy UVC irradiation appts. - for controlled dosage blood treatment in inexpensive single use treatment tube | |
SU1697853A1 (en) | Device for irradiating microbe and virus suspensions with ultraviolet radiation |