US3645265A - Intrauterine cauterizing device - Google Patents

Intrauterine cauterizing device Download PDF

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US3645265A
US3645265A US836497A US3645265DA US3645265A US 3645265 A US3645265 A US 3645265A US 836497 A US836497 A US 836497A US 3645265D A US3645265D A US 3645265DA US 3645265 A US3645265 A US 3645265A
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uterus
spring member
windings
area
central axis
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US836497A
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Gregory Majzlin
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F6/00—Contraceptive devices; Pessaries; Applicators therefor
    • A61F6/06—Contraceptive devices; Pessaries; Applicators therefor for use by females
    • A61F6/14—Contraceptive devices; Pessaries; Applicators therefor for use by females intra-uterine type
    • A61F6/142—Wirelike structures, e.g. loops, rings, spirals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B18/1485—Probes or electrodes therefor having a short rigid shaft for accessing the inner body through natural openings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/00234—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery
    • A61B2017/00292—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery mounted on or guided by flexible, e.g. catheter-like, means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/42—Gynaecological or obstetrical instruments or methods
    • A61B2017/4216—Operations on uterus, e.g. endometrium
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/42—Gynaecological or obstetrical instruments or methods
    • A61B2017/4216—Operations on uterus, e.g. endometrium
    • A61B2017/4225—Cervix uteri

Definitions

  • SHEET 1 [1F 2 INTRAUTERINE CAUTERIZING DEVICE It is known that the uterus may be cauterized by means of a probe which supplies electric current to effect the cauterization. But the process has not been widely used because great skill and precision are required to spot the probe in the specific area that is to be cauterized. This is particularly true in those cases where the fallopian tubes are to be cauterized and thereby sealed off to prevent pregnancy.
  • the difficulty of spotting the probe has been overcome by means of an intrauterine device which may be readily inserted into the uterus to supply electric current in the area to be cauterized.
  • the intrauterine device of the present invention comprises a spring member that is collapsed for insertion into the uterus and thereafter the spring expands to contact the walls of the uterus throughout a substantial area thereof.
  • the spring member is made of metal, or other material that will conduct electric current, and it is covered with an insulating material.
  • the insulating material is scraped off to bare the metal in that area which will correspond to the area where cauterization is to be effected in the uterus.
  • Electric current is passed through the spring member after it has been inserted into the uterus, with a resulting cauterization in that area where the spring member is bared. Since the spring member will will quite uniformly orient itself in contact throughout a substantial area of the uterus, little, if any, skill is required to place the bared metal in the particular area that is to be cauterized. This is of great advantage since the cauterization may be performed by a midwife, nurse or other semiskilled person and there is no requirement that a physician be present.
  • the collapsible spring member of the present invention may be constructed in a number of difi'erent ways.
  • the intrauterine spring members described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,397,691, 3,410,265 and 3,397,690 may be coated with insulated material and used for carrying out the present invention even though some of these spring members are in contact with only a limited selected area of the walls of the uterus. Best results are achieved, however, when the spring member is is contact throughout a substantial area of the walls of the uterus, and, for this reason, the spring member described in US. Pat. No. 3,397,69l is a preferred structure.
  • FIGS. la-lh show a number of spring members which are suitable for use in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate the way in which electric insulation may be applied to the spring member.
  • FIG. 4 shows a modified form of the spring member of FIG. 2 inserted in the uterus.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a number of collapsible spring members a through I: made of flexible metal or other flexible material that will conduct electricity.
  • thc member is resilient due to the configuration of the flexible metal and, as a result, the member may be collapsed for insertion into the uterus. Once inserted the resilient member will return to its original configuration and automatically orient itself in the uterus.
  • the spring member shown in FIG. may be provided with a pivot as at 10 to increase the flexibility of the member.
  • Each of the spring members is preferably provided with a draw string 11 for removal of the member from the uterus.
  • the preferred form of structure shown in FIG. 10 comprises a plurality of windings of a stainless steel wire 12 which trace out a three-dimensional volume analogous to that of a flattened spiral spring.
  • the wire is stainless steel of 0.0l8 inch and six windings are employed to give an overall width of about 1.5 inches.
  • a metal wire is preferably employed in the structure of the spring members of FIGS. la, 1d, 1e, and 1g while a metal leaf spring is used in the structures of FIGS. lb,
  • an electrically insulated metal wire 14 is attached to the selected spring member (in this case the member of FIG. 1a) and the assembly is provided with a coating of suitable electric insulation 16 which is thereafter removed to expose the bare wire 12 in a selected area as illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • wire 14 is connected to a source of electricity conventionally used for cauterization of skin tissue.
  • the pa tient then takes hold of a suitable ground while electric current flows through the assembly to cauterize the uterus in the area of the bared wire 12.
  • Cauterization may be carried out, for example, by feeding a current of 0.25 ampere at 200 volts through the device for a period of about 5 to 7 seconds. After cauterization is complete, the spring member is removed.
  • FIG. 4 shows the spring member of FIG. 2 inserted in the uterus 18.
  • the spring member was permanently bent at the midpoint 19 before insertion so that the bared wire loops are positioned on opposite sides of the fundus 20 in the area of the fallopian tubes 22.
  • the permanent bend insures a selective orientation of the bared wire for cauterization of the fallopian tubes to seal them off and prevent pregnancy.
  • the spring member is removed. The patient is examined 2 to 3 weeks later to make sure that the fallopian tubes are indeed closed and, if they are not, the cauterization procedure is repeated.
  • the spring member has vast advantages over a normal electric probe. It orients itself in the uterus and there is no need for the extreme skill and precision required to properly spot an electric probe in the area to be cauterized.
  • a spring member for use as an electrode in an apparatus for cauterization of the uterus of flexible material that will conduct electricity and is collapsible along a longitudinal axis to a size adapted to be passed through the cervical canal for insertion into the uterus, and is expandable in the uterus in a direction transverse to said longitudinal axis whereby it is selforienting in the uterus, an electric insulating coating except on selected portions of said spring member said selected portions corresponding to the area of the uterus to be cauterized and being automatically aligned with said area by means of the self-orientation of the spring member upon expansion of the spring member in the uterus and an insulated electric conductor attached to said member for feeding an electric current through said member, said conductor being adapted to extend outside the uterus when the member is in place therein.
  • the spring member comprises a flattened spiral spring member of resilient material having a plurality of windings which are capable of expanding and contracting, said windings tracing a three-dimensional volume of a generally rectangular shape which contains a central axis of expansion and contraction, said windings being expandable and contractable along axes which are generally parallel to said central axis, the distance between opposite windings measured perpendicularly to said central axis and the distance between the ends of said windings when contracted being such that said spring member when so contracted may be passed through the cervical canal of the user of the device for emplacement and subsequent expansion within the uterus.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a spring member particularly adapted for use in cauterizing the uterus. One potentially large application of this is in cauterization of the openings of the fallopian tubes to prevent pregnancy.

Description

[ Feb. 29, 1972 United States Patent Maj zlin [54] INTRAUTERINE CAUTERIZING DEVICE [72] Inventor:
2,122,579 7/1938 Meckstroth 3,100,489 8/l963 3,163,165 12/1964 Bagley Isikawa...
Gregory Maizlin, 92 Whitman Drive, Brooklyn, NY. 14034 June 25, 1969 ....12s/130 .....l28/l30 128/303.l3
3,306,286 2/1967 Ahmed......
[22] Filed:
3,374,788 3/1968 Rosenthal...... 3,532,095 10/1970 Milleretal.......................
21 Appl. No.:
t a T 0 M AH T S mL B e A m v im "W ".161 ..m. a xfi E n mum .s mmm n PAA U 86 a1 7 m Jm la i mmm 1 ,4 l 1% 1 0 W A 2 3 m n 0 3 B 0 .00 B m2 8 m 2 "n "r rm G d im UhF HUM 555 [[1 adapted for use in cauterizing the uterus. One potentially large application of this is in cauterization of The present invention relates to a spring member particularly the openings of the fallopian tubes to prevent pregnancy.
2 Claims, 11 Drawing Figures [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 662,716 I 1/1900 Gaedeke 632,559 9/1899 Freeman PATENTEDFEBZQ I972 3,645,265
SHEET 1 [1F 2 INTRAUTERINE CAUTERIZING DEVICE It is known that the uterus may be cauterized by means of a probe which supplies electric current to effect the cauterization. But the process has not been widely used because great skill and precision are required to spot the probe in the specific area that is to be cauterized. This is particularly true in those cases where the fallopian tubes are to be cauterized and thereby sealed off to prevent pregnancy.
In accordance with the present invention the difficulty of spotting the probe has been overcome by means of an intrauterine device which may be readily inserted into the uterus to supply electric current in the area to be cauterized. The intrauterine device of the present invention comprises a spring member that is collapsed for insertion into the uterus and thereafter the spring expands to contact the walls of the uterus throughout a substantial area thereof.
The spring member is made of metal, or other material that will conduct electric current, and it is covered with an insulating material. The insulating material is scraped off to bare the metal in that area which will correspond to the area where cauterization is to be effected in the uterus. Electric current is passed through the spring member after it has been inserted into the uterus, with a resulting cauterization in that area where the spring member is bared. Since the spring member will will quite uniformly orient itself in contact throughout a substantial area of the uterus, little, if any, skill is required to place the bared metal in the particular area that is to be cauterized. This is of great advantage since the cauterization may be performed by a midwife, nurse or other semiskilled person and there is no requirement that a physician be present.
The collapsible spring member of the present invention may be constructed in a number of difi'erent ways. For example, the intrauterine spring members described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,397,691, 3,410,265 and 3,397,690 may be coated with insulated material and used for carrying out the present invention even though some of these spring members are in contact with only a limited selected area of the walls of the uterus. Best results are achieved, however, when the spring member is is contact throughout a substantial area of the walls of the uterus, and, for this reason, the spring member described in US. Pat. No. 3,397,69l is a preferred structure.
These and other advantages of the present invention may be best understood by reference to the drawings which illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention and in which:
FIGS. la-lh show a number of spring members which are suitable for use in accordance with the present invention.
FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate the way in which electric insulation may be applied to the spring member.
FIG. 4 shows a modified form of the spring member of FIG. 2 inserted in the uterus.
In the drawings the same number is employed for identical parts of the described structures. FIG. 1 illustrates a number of collapsible spring members a through I: made of flexible metal or other flexible material that will conduct electricity. In each case thc member is resilient due to the configuration of the flexible metal and, as a result, the member may be collapsed for insertion into the uterus. Once inserted the resilient member will return to its original configuration and automatically orient itself in the uterus. The spring member shown in FIG. may be provided with a pivot as at 10 to increase the flexibility of the member. Each of the spring members is preferably provided with a draw string 11 for removal of the member from the uterus.
The preferred form of structure shown in FIG. 10 comprises a plurality of windings of a stainless steel wire 12 which trace out a three-dimensional volume analogous to that of a flattened spiral spring. In the example shown, the wire is stainless steel of 0.0l8 inch and six windings are employed to give an overall width of about 1.5 inches. The gauge of the wire, the
III!
number of windings and the width of the member may of course be varied. A metal wire is preferably employed in the structure of the spring members of FIGS. la, 1d, 1e, and 1g while a metal leaf spring is used in the structures of FIGS. lb,
10, If and 1h.
As best shown in FIG. 2 an electrically insulated metal wire 14 is attached to the selected spring member (in this case the member of FIG. 1a) and the assembly is provided with a coating of suitable electric insulation 16 which is thereafter removed to expose the bare wire 12 in a selected area as illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3. After the spring member is inserted into the uterus, wire 14 is connected to a source of electricity conventionally used for cauterization of skin tissue. The pa tient then takes hold of a suitable ground while electric current flows through the assembly to cauterize the uterus in the area of the bared wire 12. Cauterization may be carried out, for example, by feeding a current of 0.25 ampere at 200 volts through the device for a period of about 5 to 7 seconds. After cauterization is complete, the spring member is removed.
FIG. 4 shows the spring member of FIG. 2 inserted in the uterus 18. In this case the spring member was permanently bent at the midpoint 19 before insertion so that the bared wire loops are positioned on opposite sides of the fundus 20 in the area of the fallopian tubes 22. The permanent bend insures a selective orientation of the bared wire for cauterization of the fallopian tubes to seal them off and prevent pregnancy. After the cauterization is complete, the spring member is removed. The patient is examined 2 to 3 weeks later to make sure that the fallopian tubes are indeed closed and, if they are not, the cauterization procedure is repeated. It can be readily seen that the spring member has vast advantages over a normal electric probe. It orients itself in the uterus and there is no need for the extreme skill and precision required to properly spot an electric probe in the area to be cauterized.
The invention is not limited to the embodiments shown, which were chosen solely for the purpose of illustration; it is intended to cover all changes and modifications which do not constitute departures from the spirit and scope of the invention.
What is claimed is:
l. A spring member for use as an electrode in an apparatus for cauterization of the uterus of flexible material that will conduct electricity and is collapsible along a longitudinal axis to a size adapted to be passed through the cervical canal for insertion into the uterus, and is expandable in the uterus in a direction transverse to said longitudinal axis whereby it is selforienting in the uterus, an electric insulating coating except on selected portions of said spring member said selected portions corresponding to the area of the uterus to be cauterized and being automatically aligned with said area by means of the self-orientation of the spring member upon expansion of the spring member in the uterus and an insulated electric conductor attached to said member for feeding an electric current through said member, said conductor being adapted to extend outside the uterus when the member is in place therein.
2. The device of claim 1 wherein the spring member comprises a flattened spiral spring member of resilient material having a plurality of windings which are capable of expanding and contracting, said windings tracing a three-dimensional volume of a generally rectangular shape which contains a central axis of expansion and contraction, said windings being expandable and contractable along axes which are generally parallel to said central axis, the distance between opposite windings measured perpendicularly to said central axis and the distance between the ends of said windings when contracted being such that said spring member when so contracted may be passed through the cervical canal of the user of the device for emplacement and subsequent expansion within the uterus.

Claims (2)

1. A spring member for use as an electrode in an apparatus for cauterization of the uterus of flexible material that will conduct electricity and is collapsible along a longitudinal axis to a size adapted to be passed through the cervical canal for insertion into the uterus, and is expandable in the uterus in a direction transverse to said longitudinal axis whereby it is self-orienting in the uterus, an electric insulating coating except on selected portions of said spring member said selected porTions corresponding to the area of the uterus to be cauterized and being automatically aligned with said area by means of the self-orientation of the spring member upon expansion of the spring member in the uterus and an insulated electric conductor attached to said member for feeding an electric current through said member, said conductor being adapted to extend outside the uterus when the member is in place therein.
2. The device of claim 1 wherein the spring member comprises a flattened spiral spring member of resilient material having a plurality of windings which are capable of expanding and contracting, said windings tracing a three-dimensional volume of a generally rectangular shape which contains a central axis of expansion and contraction, said windings being expandable and contractable along axes which are generally parallel to said central axis, the distance between opposite windings measured perpendicularly to said central axis and the distance between the ends of said windings when contracted being such that said spring member when so contracted may be passed through the cervical canal of the user of the device for emplacement and subsequent expansion within the uterus.
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Cited By (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3766666A (en) * 1971-10-13 1973-10-23 Robins Co Inc A H Uterine simulator trainer
US3840016A (en) * 1972-03-10 1974-10-08 H Lindemann Electrocoagulation-bougie for the intrauterine tube sterilization
US3973560A (en) * 1973-07-27 1976-08-10 A. H. Robins Company, Incorporated Intrauterine device of C or omega form
US3985137A (en) * 1974-09-27 1976-10-12 Donohue Brian T Tip for veterinary surgical cauterization instrument
US4018220A (en) * 1974-07-19 1977-04-19 Lionel C. R. Emmett Method of insertion for intrauterine device of C or omega form with tubular inserter
US4103688A (en) * 1976-04-29 1978-08-01 John Edwards Method and apparatus for sterilization
US4111196A (en) * 1973-07-27 1978-09-05 Lionel C. R. Emmett Intrauterine contraceptive device of c or omega form with tubular inserter and method of placement
US4616640A (en) * 1983-11-14 1986-10-14 Steven Kaali Birth control method and device employing electric forces
DE3717538A1 (en) * 1987-05-25 1988-12-08 Hermann Keck RECEPTION PREVENTIVE DEVICE
EP0411072A1 (en) * 1989-01-23 1991-02-06 KAALI, Steven Electrified intrauterine device
US5188122A (en) * 1989-06-20 1993-02-23 Rocket Of London Limited Electromagnetic energy generation method
EP0637943A1 (en) * 1992-05-01 1995-02-15 Vesta Medical, Inc. Endometrial ablation apparatus
US5505730A (en) * 1994-06-24 1996-04-09 Stuart D. Edwards Thin layer ablation apparatus
US5575788A (en) * 1994-06-24 1996-11-19 Stuart D. Edwards Thin layer ablation apparatus
US5681308A (en) * 1994-06-24 1997-10-28 Stuart D. Edwards Ablation apparatus for cardiac chambers
US5769880A (en) * 1996-04-12 1998-06-23 Novacept Moisture transport system for contact electrocoagulation
US5800493A (en) * 1995-04-26 1998-09-01 Gynecare, Inc. Intrauterine ablation system
US5827276A (en) * 1995-03-24 1998-10-27 Board Of Regents Of Univ Of Nebraksa Apparatus for volumetric tissue ablation
USRE37704E1 (en) 1990-03-22 2002-05-14 Argomed Ltd. Thermal treatment apparatus
US6575967B1 (en) 1995-03-24 2003-06-10 The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Nebraska Method and systems for volumetric tissue ablation
US6813520B2 (en) 1996-04-12 2004-11-02 Novacept Method for ablating and/or coagulating tissue using moisture transport
US6849063B1 (en) 1994-03-11 2005-02-01 Wit Ip Corporation Thermal treatment apparatus
US20050085880A1 (en) * 1996-04-12 2005-04-21 Csaba Truckai Moisture transport system for contact electrocoagulation
WO2006068808A1 (en) * 2004-12-20 2006-06-29 Cytyc Corporation Method and system for transcervical tubal occlusion
US20080071257A1 (en) * 2006-09-18 2008-03-20 Cytyc Corporation Power Ramping During RF Ablation
US20080071269A1 (en) * 2006-09-18 2008-03-20 Cytyc Corporation Curved Endoscopic Medical Device
US7674260B2 (en) 2005-04-28 2010-03-09 Cytyc Corporation Emergency hemostasis device utilizing energy
US7846160B2 (en) 2006-12-21 2010-12-07 Cytyc Corporation Method and apparatus for sterilization
US8551082B2 (en) 1998-05-08 2013-10-08 Cytyc Surgical Products Radio-frequency generator for powering an ablation device
US20150141963A1 (en) * 2012-06-13 2015-05-21 Apex Gynocological Instruments, Llc Device for instillation of a chemical agent into the endometrial cavity for purpose of global endometrial ablation
US10485962B2 (en) 2016-11-14 2019-11-26 Gynion, Llc System and method for delivering therapeutic agents to the uterine cavity

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US632559A (en) * 1899-05-10 1899-09-05 John Andrew Freeman Electromedical appliance.
US662716A (en) * 1900-07-31 1900-11-27 John G L Gaedeke Intra-uterine battery.
US2022065A (en) * 1932-07-07 1935-11-26 Frederick C Wappler Therapeutic applicator device
US2102270A (en) * 1935-11-29 1937-12-14 Mortimer N Hyams Electrosurgical device
US2122579A (en) * 1934-06-13 1938-07-05 Louis W Meckstroth Intra-uterine device
US3100489A (en) * 1957-09-30 1963-08-13 Medtronic Inc Cautery device
US3163165A (en) * 1960-09-12 1964-12-29 Islkawa Humio Uterotube-closing instrument
US3306286A (en) * 1965-04-13 1967-02-28 Schueler & Company Intrauterine device
US3374788A (en) * 1965-06-04 1968-03-26 Deseret Pharmaceutical Company Contraceptive devices and methods
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US632559A (en) * 1899-05-10 1899-09-05 John Andrew Freeman Electromedical appliance.
US662716A (en) * 1900-07-31 1900-11-27 John G L Gaedeke Intra-uterine battery.
US2022065A (en) * 1932-07-07 1935-11-26 Frederick C Wappler Therapeutic applicator device
US2122579A (en) * 1934-06-13 1938-07-05 Louis W Meckstroth Intra-uterine device
US2102270A (en) * 1935-11-29 1937-12-14 Mortimer N Hyams Electrosurgical device
US3100489A (en) * 1957-09-30 1963-08-13 Medtronic Inc Cautery device
US3163165A (en) * 1960-09-12 1964-12-29 Islkawa Humio Uterotube-closing instrument
US3306286A (en) * 1965-04-13 1967-02-28 Schueler & Company Intrauterine device
US3374788A (en) * 1965-06-04 1968-03-26 Deseret Pharmaceutical Company Contraceptive devices and methods
US3532095A (en) * 1968-06-21 1970-10-06 Weck & Co Inc Edward Electrosurgical instrument

Cited By (55)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3766666A (en) * 1971-10-13 1973-10-23 Robins Co Inc A H Uterine simulator trainer
US3840016A (en) * 1972-03-10 1974-10-08 H Lindemann Electrocoagulation-bougie for the intrauterine tube sterilization
US3973560A (en) * 1973-07-27 1976-08-10 A. H. Robins Company, Incorporated Intrauterine device of C or omega form
US4111196A (en) * 1973-07-27 1978-09-05 Lionel C. R. Emmett Intrauterine contraceptive device of c or omega form with tubular inserter and method of placement
US4018220A (en) * 1974-07-19 1977-04-19 Lionel C. R. Emmett Method of insertion for intrauterine device of C or omega form with tubular inserter
US3985137A (en) * 1974-09-27 1976-10-12 Donohue Brian T Tip for veterinary surgical cauterization instrument
US4103688A (en) * 1976-04-29 1978-08-01 John Edwards Method and apparatus for sterilization
US4616640A (en) * 1983-11-14 1986-10-14 Steven Kaali Birth control method and device employing electric forces
DE3717538A1 (en) * 1987-05-25 1988-12-08 Hermann Keck RECEPTION PREVENTIVE DEVICE
EP0411072A4 (en) * 1989-01-23 1991-06-12 Steven Kaali Electrified intrauterine device
EP0411072A1 (en) * 1989-01-23 1991-02-06 KAALI, Steven Electrified intrauterine device
US5188122A (en) * 1989-06-20 1993-02-23 Rocket Of London Limited Electromagnetic energy generation method
USRE37704E1 (en) 1990-03-22 2002-05-14 Argomed Ltd. Thermal treatment apparatus
EP0637943A1 (en) * 1992-05-01 1995-02-15 Vesta Medical, Inc. Endometrial ablation apparatus
EP0637943A4 (en) * 1992-05-01 1995-06-28 Vesta Medical Inc Endometrial ablation apparatus and method.
US6849063B1 (en) 1994-03-11 2005-02-01 Wit Ip Corporation Thermal treatment apparatus
US5569241A (en) * 1994-06-24 1996-10-29 Vidacare, Inc. Thin layer ablation apparatus
US5575788A (en) * 1994-06-24 1996-11-19 Stuart D. Edwards Thin layer ablation apparatus
US5681308A (en) * 1994-06-24 1997-10-28 Stuart D. Edwards Ablation apparatus for cardiac chambers
US5769846A (en) * 1994-06-24 1998-06-23 Stuart D. Edwards Ablation apparatus for cardiac chambers
US5827273A (en) * 1994-06-24 1998-10-27 Stuart D. Edwards Thin layer ablation apparatus
US5558672A (en) * 1994-06-24 1996-09-24 Vidacare, Inc. Thin layer ablation apparatus
US5505730A (en) * 1994-06-24 1996-04-09 Stuart D. Edwards Thin layer ablation apparatus
US5868740A (en) * 1995-03-24 1999-02-09 Board Of Regents-Univ Of Nebraska Method for volumetric tissue ablation
US5855576A (en) * 1995-03-24 1999-01-05 Board Of Regents Of University Of Nebraska Method for volumetric tissue ablation
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